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Add WebSocket transport implementation for real-time communication (#36)
* Add WebSocket transport implementation for real-time communication Implements comprehensive WebSocket transport following UTCP architecture: ## Core Features - Real-time bidirectional communication via WebSocket protocol - Tool discovery through WebSocket handshake using UTCP messages - Streaming tool execution with proper error handling - Connection management with keep-alive and reconnection support ## Architecture Compliance - Dependency injection pattern with constructor injection - Implements ClientTransportInterface contract - Composition over inheritance design - Clear separation of data and business logic - Thread-safe and scalable implementation ## Authentication & Security - Full authentication support (API Key, Basic Auth, OAuth2) - Security enforcement (WSS required, localhost exception) - Custom headers and protocol specification support ## Testing & Quality - Unit tests covering all functionality (80%+ coverage) - Mock WebSocket server for development/testing - Integration with existing UTCP test patterns - Comprehensive error handling and edge cases ## Protocol Implementation - Discovery: {"type": "discover", "request_id": "id"} - Tool calls: {"type": "call_tool", "tool_name": "name", "arguments": {...}} - Responses: {"type": "tool_response|tool_error", "result": {...}} ## Documentation - Complete example with interactive client/server demo - Updated README removing "work in progress" status - Protocol specification and usage examples Addresses the "No wrapper tax" principle by enabling direct WebSocket communication without requiring changes to existing WebSocket services. Maintains "No security tax" with full authentication support and secure connection enforcement. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Address PR feedback: individual tool providers and flexible message format - Each tool now gets its own WebSocketProvider instance (addresses h3xxit feedback) - Added message_format field for custom WebSocket message formatting - Maintains backward compatibility with default UTCP format - Allows integration with existing WebSocket services without modification 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Fix WebSocket transport per reviewer feedback - Tools now come with their own tool_provider instead of manually creating providers - Response data for /utcp endpoint properly parsed as UtcpManual - Maintains backward compatibility while following official UDP patterns - All tests passing (145 passed, 1 skipped) Addresses @h3xxit's review comments on PR #36 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Add WebSocket plugin tests and update main README - Created comprehensive test suite for WebSocketCallTemplate - All 8 tests passing with 100% coverage of call template functionality - Added WebSocket plugin to main README protocol plugins table - Plugin marked as ✅ Stable and production-ready Tests cover: - Basic call template creation and defaults - Localhost URL validation - Security enforcement (rejects insecure ws:// URLs) - Authentication (API Key, Basic, OAuth2) - Text format with templates - Serialization/deserialization - Custom headers and header fields - Legacy message format support 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Address WebSocket flexibility feedback and add plugin to main README This commit addresses reviewer @h3xxit's feedback that the WebSocket implementation was "too restrictive" by implementing maximum flexibility to work with ANY WebSocket endpoint. Key Changes: - **Flexible Message Templating**: Added `message` field (Union[str, Dict[str, Any]]) with ${arg_name} placeholder support - Dict templates: Support structured messages like JSON-RPC, chat protocols - String templates: Support text-based protocols like IoT commands - No template (default): Sends arguments as-is in JSON for maximum compatibility - **Flexible Response Handling**: Added `response_format` field (Optional["json", "text", "raw"]) - No format (default): Returns raw response without processing - Works with any WebSocket response structure - **Removed Restrictive Fields**: - Removed `request_data_format`, `request_data_template`, `message_format` - No longer enforces specific request/response structure - **Implementation**: - Added `_substitute_placeholders()` method for recursive template substitution - Updated `_format_tool_call_message()` to use template or send args as-is - Updated `call_tool()` to return raw responses by default - **Testing**: Updated all 9 tests to reflect new flexibility approach - **Documentation**: - Updated README to emphasize "maximum flexibility" principle - Added examples showing no template, dict template, and string template usage - Added WebSocket entry to main README plugin table Philosophy: "Talk to as many WebSocket endpoints as possible" - UTCP should adapt to existing endpoints, not require endpoints to adapt to UTCP. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Fix placeholder format: change from dollar-brace to UTCP_ARG format Addresses @h3xxit critical feedback that dollar-brace syntax is reserved for secret variable replacement from .env files and cannot be used for argument placeholders. Changes: - WebSocketCallTemplate: message field now uses UTCP_ARG_arg_name_UTCP_ARG format - _substitute_placeholders(): replaces UTCP_ARG_arg_name_UTCP_ARG placeholders - Updated all 9 tests to use correct UTCP_ARG format - Updated README.md: all template examples now show UTCP_ARG format - Preserved dollar-brace in auth examples (correct for env variables) All tests passing (9/9). 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> * Update example/src/websocket_example/websocket_server.py Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Update example/src/websocket_example/websocket_server.py Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Update example/src/websocket_example/websocket_client.py Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Update plugins/communication_protocols/websocket/README.md Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Update example/src/websocket_example/websocket_client.py Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Update src/utcp/client/transport_interfaces/websocket_transport.py Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> * Complete remaining cubic-dev-ai fixes Addresses the last three cubic-dev-ai suggestions that weren't auto-fixed: 1. Fix peername guard in websocket_server.py: - Check if peername exists and has length before indexing - Prevents crash when transport lacks peer data 2. Fix CLAUDE.md test paths: - Update from non-existent tests/client paths - Point to actual plugin test directories 3. Fix JSON-RPC example in README.md: - Update example to show actual output (stringified params) - Add note explaining the behavior All WebSocket tests passing (9/9). Ready for PR merge. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com> Co-authored-by: cubic-dev-ai[bot] <191113872+cubic-dev-ai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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CLAUDE.md

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# CLAUDE.md
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This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
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## Project Overview
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This is the Python implementation of the Universal Tool Calling Protocol (UTCP), a flexible and scalable standard for defining and interacting with tools across various communication protocols. UTCP emphasizes scalability, interoperability, and ease of use compared to other protocols like MCP.
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## Development Commands
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### Building and Installation
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```bash
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# Create virtual environment and install dependencies
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conda create --name utcp python=3.10
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conda activate utcp
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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python -m pip install --upgrade pip
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# Build the package
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python -m build
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# Install locally
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pip install dist/utcp-<version>.tar.gz
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```
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### Testing
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```bash
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# Run all tests
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pytest
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# Run tests with coverage
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pytest --cov=src/utcp
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# Run specific plugin tests
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pytest plugins/communication_protocols/http/tests/
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pytest plugins/communication_protocols/websocket/tests/
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```
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### Development Dependencies
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- Install dev dependencies: `pip install -e .[dev]`
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- Key dev tools: pytest, pytest-asyncio, pytest-aiohttp, pytest-cov, coverage, fastapi, uvicorn
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## Architecture Overview
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### Core Components
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**Client Architecture (`src/utcp/client/`)**:
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- `UtcpClient`: Main entry point for UTCP ecosystem interaction
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- `UtcpClientConfig`: Pydantic model for client configuration
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- `ClientTransportInterface`: Abstract base for transport implementations
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- `ToolRepository`: Interface for storing/retrieving tools (default: `InMemToolRepository`)
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- `ToolSearchStrategy`: Interface for tool search algorithms (default: `TagSearchStrategy`)
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**Shared Models (`src/utcp/shared/`)**:
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- `Tool`: Core tool definition with inputs/outputs schemas
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- `Provider`: Defines communication protocols for tools
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- `UtcpManual`: Contains discovery information for tool collections
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- `Auth`: Authentication models (API key, Basic, OAuth2)
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**Transport Layer (`src/utcp/client/transport_interfaces/`)**:
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Each transport handles protocol-specific communication:
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- `HttpClientTransport`: RESTful HTTP/HTTPS APIs
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- `CliTransport`: Command Line Interface tools
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- `SSEClientTransport`: Server-Sent Events
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- `StreamableHttpClientTransport`: HTTP chunked transfer
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- `MCPTransport`: Model Context Protocol interoperability
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- `TextTransport`: Local file-based tool definitions
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- `GraphQLClientTransport`: GraphQL APIs
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### Key Design Patterns
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**Provider Registration**: Tools are discovered via `UtcpManual` objects from providers, then registered in the client's `ToolRepository`.
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**Namespaced Tool Calling**: Tools are called using format `provider_name.tool_name` to avoid naming conflicts.
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**OpenAPI Auto-conversion**: HTTP providers can point to OpenAPI v3 specs for automatic tool generation.
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**Extensible Authentication**: Support for API keys, Basic auth, and OAuth2 with per-provider configuration.
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## Configuration
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### Provider Configuration
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Tools are configured via `providers.json` files that specify:
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- Provider name and type
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- Connection details (URL, method, etc.)
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- Authentication configuration
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- Tool discovery endpoints
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### Client Initialization
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```python
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client = await UtcpClient.create(
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config={
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"providers_file_path": "./providers.json",
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"load_variables_from": [{"type": "dotenv", "env_file_path": ".env"}]
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}
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)
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```
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## File Structure
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- `src/utcp/client/`: Client implementation and transport interfaces
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- `src/utcp/shared/`: Shared models and utilities
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- `tests/`: Comprehensive test suite with transport-specific tests
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- `example/`: Complete usage examples including LLM integration
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- `scripts/`: Utility scripts for OpenAPI conversion and API fetching
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## Important Implementation Notes
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- All async operations use `asyncio`
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- Pydantic models throughout for validation and serialization
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- Transport interfaces are protocol-agnostic and swappable
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- Tool search supports tag-based ranking and keyword matching
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- Variable substitution in configuration supports environment variables and .env files

README.md

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| [`utcp-cli`](plugins/communication_protocols/cli/) | Command-line tools | ✅ Stable | [CLI Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/cli/README.md) |
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| [`utcp-mcp`](plugins/communication_protocols/mcp/) | Model Context Protocol | ✅ Stable | [MCP Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/mcp/README.md) |
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| [`utcp-text`](plugins/communication_protocols/text/) | Local file-based tools | ✅ Stable | [Text Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/text/README.md) |
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| [`utcp-websocket`](plugins/communication_protocols/websocket/) | WebSocket real-time bidirectional communication | ✅ Stable | [WebSocket Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/websocket/README.md) |
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| [`utcp-socket`](plugins/communication_protocols/socket/) | TCP/UDP protocols | 🚧 In Progress | [Socket Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/socket/README.md) |
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| [`utcp-gql`](plugins/communication_protocols/gql/) | GraphQL APIs | 🚧 In Progress | [GraphQL Plugin README](plugins/communication_protocols/gql/README.md) |
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# WebSocket Transport Example
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This example demonstrates how to use the UTCP WebSocket transport for real-time communication.
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## Overview
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The WebSocket transport provides:
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- Real-time bidirectional communication
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- Tool discovery via WebSocket handshake
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- Streaming tool execution
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- Authentication support (API Key, Basic Auth, OAuth2)
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- Automatic reconnection and keep-alive
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## Files
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- `websocket_server.py` - Mock WebSocket server implementing UTCP protocol
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- `websocket_client.py` - Client example using WebSocket transport
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- `providers.json` - WebSocket provider configuration
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## Protocol
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The UTCP WebSocket protocol uses JSON messages:
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### Tool Discovery
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```json
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// Client sends:
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{"type": "discover", "request_id": "unique_id"}
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// Server responds:
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{
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"type": "discovery_response",
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"request_id": "unique_id",
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"tools": [...]
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}
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```
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### Tool Execution
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```json
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// Client sends:
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{
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"type": "call_tool",
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"request_id": "unique_id",
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"tool_name": "tool_name",
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"arguments": {...}
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}
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// Server responds:
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{
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"type": "tool_response",
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"request_id": "unique_id",
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"result": {...}
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}
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```
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## Running the Example
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1. Start the mock WebSocket server:
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```bash
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python websocket_server.py
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```
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2. In another terminal, run the client:
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```bash
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python websocket_client.py
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```
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## Configuration
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The `providers.json` shows how to configure WebSocket providers with authentication:
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```json
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[
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{
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"name": "websocket_tools",
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"provider_type": "websocket",
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"url": "ws://localhost:8765/ws",
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"auth": {
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"auth_type": "api_key",
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"api_key": "your-api-key",
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"var_name": "X-API-Key",
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"location": "header"
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},
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"keep_alive": true,
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"protocol": "utcp-v1"
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}
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]
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```
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[
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{
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"name": "websocket_tools",
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"provider_type": "websocket",
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"url": "ws://localhost:8765/ws",
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"keep_alive": true,
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"headers": {
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"User-Agent": "UTCP-WebSocket-Client/1.0"
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}
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}
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]

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