Explore fewer constraints in getResolvedBaseConstraint (microsoft#48613)

Author: ahejlsberg

src/compiler/checker.ts

@@ -12107,7 +12107,7 @@ namespace ts {
             if (type.resolvedBaseConstraint) {
                 return type.resolvedBaseConstraint;
             }
-            const stack: Type[] = [];
+            const stack: object[] = [];
             return type.resolvedBaseConstraint = getTypeWithThisArgument(getImmediateBaseConstraint(type), type);
 
             function getImmediateBaseConstraint(t: Type): Type {
@@ -12122,8 +12122,9 @@ namespace ts {
                     // levels of nesting, we are presumably exploring a repeating pattern with a long cycle that hasn't
                     // yet triggered the deeply nested limiter. We have no test cases that actually get to 50 levels of
                     // nesting, so it is effectively just a safety stop.
-                    if (stack.length < 10 || stack.length < 50 && !isDeeplyNestedType(t, stack, stack.length)) {
-                        stack.push(t);
+                    const identity = getRecursionIdentity(t);
+                    if (stack.length < 10 || stack.length < 50 && !contains(stack, identity)) {
+                        stack.push(identity);
                         result = computeBaseConstraint(getSimplifiedType(t, /*writing*/ false));
                         stack.pop();
                     }