minor #17817 Format syntaxes reference (fabpot)

This PR was squashed before being merged into the 5.4 branch.

Discussion
----------

Format syntaxes reference

I propose the creation of a new "format specification" section about consolidating all format syntax descriptions: YAML, XLIFF, expression language, and ICU messages for now.

Commits
-------

696be66 Format syntaxes reference

Author: javiereguiluz

_build/redirection_map

@@ -540,8 +540,10 @@
 /components/security/secure_tools /security/passwords
 /components/security /security
 /components/var_dumper/advanced /components/var_dumper#advanced-usage
-/components/yaml/yaml_format /components/yaml#yaml-format
-/components/expression_language/syntax /components/expression_language#expression-language-syntax
+/components/yaml/yaml_format /reference/formats/yaml
+/components/expression_language/syntax /reference/formats/expression_language
+/components/expression_language/ast /components/expression_language#expression-language-ast
+/components/expression_language/caching /components/expression_language#expression-language-caching
 /components/expression_language/extending /components/expression_language#expression-language-extending
 /notifier/chatters /notifier#sending-chat-messages
 /notifier/texters /notifier#sending-sms

components/expression_language.rst

@@ -73,317 +73,10 @@ The main class of the component is
 
     var_dump($expressionLanguage->compile('1 + 2')); // displays (1 + 2)
 
-.. _expression-language-syntax:
-
-.. index::
-    single: Syntax; ExpressionLanguage
-
-Expression Syntax
------------------
-
-The ExpressionLanguage component uses a specific syntax which is based on the
-expression syntax of Twig. In this document, you can find all supported
-syntaxes.
-
-Supported Literals
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The component supports:
-
-* **strings** - single and double quotes (e.g. ``'hello'``)
-* **numbers** - e.g. ``103``
-* **arrays** - using JSON-like notation (e.g. ``[1, 2]``)
-* **hashes** - using JSON-like notation (e.g. ``{ foo: 'bar' }``)
-* **booleans** - ``true`` and ``false``
-* **null** - ``null``
-* **exponential** - also known as scientific (e.g. ``1.99E+3`` or ``1e-2``)
-
-.. caution::
-
-    A backslash (``\``) must be escaped by 4 backslashes (``\\\\``) in a string
-    and 8 backslashes (``\\\\\\\\``) in a regex::
-
-        echo $expressionLanguage->evaluate('"\\\\"'); // prints \
-        $expressionLanguage->evaluate('"a\\\\b" matches "/^a\\\\\\\\b$/"'); // returns true
-
-    Control characters (e.g. ``\n``) in expressions are replaced with
-    whitespace. To avoid this, escape the sequence with a single backslash
-    (e.g.  ``\\n``).
-
-.. _component-expression-objects:
-
-Working with Objects
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-When passing objects into an expression, you can use different syntaxes to
-access properties and call methods on the object.
-
-Accessing Public Properties
-...........................
-
-Public properties on objects can be accessed by using the ``.`` syntax, similar
-to JavaScript::
-
-    class Apple
-    {
-        public $variety;
-    }
-
-    $apple = new Apple();
-    $apple->variety = 'Honeycrisp';
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'fruit.variety',
-        [
-            'fruit' => $apple,
-        ]
-    ));
-
-This will print out ``Honeycrisp``.
-
-Calling Methods
-...............
-
-The ``.`` syntax can also be used to call methods on an object, similar to
-JavaScript::
-
-    class Robot
-    {
-        public function sayHi($times)
-        {
-            $greetings = [];
-            for ($i = 0; $i < $times; $i++) {
-                $greetings[] = 'Hi';
-            }
-
-            return implode(' ', $greetings).'!';
-        }
-    }
-
-    $robot = new Robot();
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'robot.sayHi(3)',
-        [
-            'robot' => $robot,
-        ]
-    ));
-
-This will print out ``Hi Hi Hi!``.
-
-.. _component-expression-functions:
-
-Working with Functions
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You can also use registered functions in the expression by using the same
-syntax as PHP and JavaScript. The ExpressionLanguage component comes with one
-function by default: ``constant()``, which will return the value of the PHP
-constant::
-
-    define('DB_USER', 'root');
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'constant("DB_USER")'
-    ));
-
-This will print out ``root``.
-
-.. tip::
-
-    To read how to register your own functions to use in an expression, see
-    ":ref:`expression-language-extending`".
-
-.. _component-expression-arrays:
-
-Working with Arrays
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-If you pass an array into an expression, use the ``[]`` syntax to access
-array keys, similar to JavaScript::
-
-    $data = ['life' => 10, 'universe' => 10, 'everything' => 22];
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'data["life"] + data["universe"] + data["everything"]',
-        [
-            'data' => $data,
-        ]
-    ));
-
-This will print out ``42``.
-
-Supported Operators
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The component comes with a lot of operators:
-
-Arithmetic Operators
-....................
-
-* ``+`` (addition)
-* ``-`` (subtraction)
-* ``*`` (multiplication)
-* ``/`` (division)
-* ``%`` (modulus)
-* ``**`` (pow)
-
-For example::
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'life + universe + everything',
-        [
-            'life' => 10,
-            'universe' => 10,
-            'everything' => 22,
-        ]
-    ));
-
-This will print out ``42``.
-
-Bitwise Operators
-.................
-
-* ``&`` (and)
-* ``|`` (or)
-* ``^`` (xor)
-
-Comparison Operators
-....................
-
-* ``==`` (equal)
-* ``===`` (identical)
-* ``!=`` (not equal)
-* ``!==`` (not identical)
-* ``<`` (less than)
-* ``>`` (greater than)
-* ``<=`` (less than or equal to)
-* ``>=`` (greater than or equal to)
-* ``matches`` (regex match)
-
 .. tip::
 
-    To test if a string does *not* match a regex, use the logical ``not``
-    operator in combination with the ``matches`` operator::
-
-        $expressionLanguage->evaluate('not ("foo" matches "/bar/")'); // returns true
-
-    You must use parentheses because the unary operator ``not`` has precedence
-    over the binary operator ``matches``.
-
-Examples::
-
-    $ret1 = $expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'life == everything',
-        [
-            'life' => 10,
-            'everything' => 22,
-        ]
-    );
-
-    $ret2 = $expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'life > everything',
-        [
-            'life' => 10,
-            'everything' => 22,
-        ]
-    );
-
-Both variables would be set to ``false``.
-
-Logical Operators
-.................
-
-* ``not`` or ``!``
-* ``and`` or ``&&``
-* ``or`` or ``||``
-
-For example::
-
-    $ret = $expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'life < universe or life < everything',
-        [
-            'life' => 10,
-            'universe' => 10,
-            'everything' => 22,
-        ]
-    );
-
-This ``$ret`` variable will be set to ``true``.
-
-String Operators
-................
-
-* ``~`` (concatenation)
-
-For example::
-
-    var_dump($expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'firstName~" "~lastName',
-        [
-            'firstName' => 'Arthur',
-            'lastName' => 'Dent',
-        ]
-    ));
-
-This would print out ``Arthur Dent``.
-
-Array Operators
-...............
-
-* ``in`` (contain)
-* ``not in`` (does not contain)
-
-For example::
-
-    class User
-    {
-        public $group;
-    }
-
-    $user = new User();
-    $user->group = 'human_resources';
-
-    $inGroup = $expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'user.group in ["human_resources", "marketing"]',
-        [
-            'user' => $user,
-        ]
-    );
-
-The ``$inGroup`` would evaluate to ``true``.
-
-Numeric Operators
-.................
-
-* ``..`` (range)
-
-For example::
-
-    class User
-    {
-        public $age;
-    }
-
-    $user = new User();
-    $user->age = 34;
-
-    $expressionLanguage->evaluate(
-        'user.age in 18..45',
-        [
-            'user' => $user,
-        ]
-    );
-
-This will evaluate to ``true``, because ``user.age`` is in the range from
-``18`` to ``45``.
-
-Ternary Operators
-.................
-
-* ``foo ? 'yes' : 'no'``
-* ``foo ?: 'no'`` (equal to ``foo ? foo : 'no'``)
-* ``foo ? 'yes'`` (equal to ``foo ? 'yes' : ''``)
+    See :doc:`/reference/formats/expression_language` to learn the syntax of
+    the ExpressionLanguage component.
 
 Passing in Variables
 --------------------
@@ -428,6 +121,8 @@ expressions (e.g. the request, the current user, etc.):
 .. index::
     single: Caching; ExpressionLanguage
 
+.. _expression-language-caching:
+
 Caching
 -------
 
@@ -498,6 +193,8 @@ Both ``evaluate()`` and ``compile()`` can handle ``ParsedExpression`` and
     single: AST; ExpressionLanguage
     single: AST; Abstract Syntax Tree
 
+.. _expression-language-ast:
+
 AST Dumping and Editing
 -----------------------