Arrays and Maps

Some SQL dialects have special syntax for creating and manipulating Array and Map types.

Literals

Array literals [1, "two", 3]. Supported by:

• BigQuery.
• N1QL.

Array literals ARRAY[1, 2, 3]. Supported by:

• BigQuery.
• PostgreSQL.
• Trino

Map literals in JSON style {"foo": 1, "bar": "John"}. Supported by:

• N1QL.

Accessors

Array and Map access using square brackets like arr[1] and map['key'].

Supported by:

• Hive
• Spark
• N1QL
• PostgreSQL
• Snowflake¹
• Trino

Array subscript operator arr[OFFSET(5)]. Supported by:

• BigQuery

Notes:

1. Snowflake also supports a dot syntax to access the values of keys. The first key has to be extracted with : after that, . can be used to access deeper nested values.