Lint trivially self-recursive extension methods

Broadens Martin's fix for #13542

Fixes #9880

Also, exempt Boolean's && and || methods, which aren't set up as having
by-name parameters.

Co-authored-by: Dale Wijnand <dale.wijnand@gmail.com>

Author: SethTisue

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/CheckLoopingImplicits.scala

@@ -46,7 +46,10 @@ class CheckLoopingImplicits extends MiniPhase:
       case Apply(fn, args) =>
         checkNotLooping(fn)
         fn.tpe.widen match
-          case mt: MethodType =>
+          case mt: MethodType
+               // Boolean && and || aren't defined with by-name parameters
+               // and therefore their type isn't an ExprType, so we exempt them by symbol name
+               if t.symbol != defn.Boolean_&& && t.symbol != defn.Boolean_|| =>
             args.lazyZip(mt.paramInfos).foreach { (arg, pinfo) =>
               if !pinfo.isInstanceOf[ExprType] then checkNotLooping(arg)
             }
@@ -80,8 +83,8 @@ class CheckLoopingImplicits extends MiniPhase:
         checkNotLooping(t.rhs)
       case _ =>
 
-    if sym.isOneOf(GivenOrImplicit | Lazy) then
+    if sym.isOneOf(GivenOrImplicit | Lazy | ExtensionMethod) then
       checkNotLooping(mdef.rhs)
     mdef
   end transform
-end CheckLoopingImplicits
+end CheckLoopingImplicits

tests/neg-custom-args/fatal-warnings/i9880.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+opaque type Bytes = Array[Byte]
+object Bytes:
+  extension (self: Bytes)
+    def size: Int = (self: Array[Byte]).size  // error
+
+//
+
+object Module1:
+  opaque type State[S, +A] = S => (S, A)
+  object State:
+    extension [S, A](self: State[S, A])
+      def map[B](f: A => B): State[S, B] =
+        s => { val (s2, a) = self(s); (s2, f(a)) }
+object Module2:
+  import Module1.State
+  trait RNG
+  opaque type Gen[+A] = State[RNG, A]
+  object Gen:
+    extension [A](self: Gen[A])
+      def map[B](f: A => B): Gen[B] =
+        self.map(f)  // error
+
+//
+
+class Sym(val owner: Sym)
+
+extension (sym: Sym)
+  def isSomething: Boolean = false
+  def isFoo: Boolean       = sym.isSomething && sym.owner.isFoo // was: Infinite loop in function body
+  def isBar: Boolean       = sym.isSomething || sym.owner.isBar // was: Infinite loop in function body