Fix outer for calling instantiate

Author: liufengyun

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/init/Semantic.scala

@@ -629,7 +629,9 @@ object Semantic {
               // normal method call
               if argErrors.nonEmpty && isSyntheticApply(meth) then
                 val klass = meth.owner.companionClass.asClass
-                instantiate(klass, klass.primaryConstructor, args, source)
+                val outerCls = klass.owner.lexicallyEnclosingClass.asClass
+                val outer = resolveOuterSelect(outerCls, ref, 1, source)
+                Semantic.instantiate(outer)(klass, klass.primaryConstructor, args, source)
               else
                 withEnv(if isLocal then env else Env.empty) {
                   eval(ddef.rhs, ref, cls, cacheResult = true) ++ argErrors

tests/init/neg/apply2.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+object O:
+  case class A(b: B):
+    println(n)
+
+  class B:
+    val a = A(this)
+
+  val b = new B
+  val n = 10         // error
+end O