Add examples of ordered retain

Author: cuviper

src/liballoc/collections/vec_deque.rs

@@ -1848,6 +1848,20 @@ impl<T> VecDeque<T> {
     /// buf.retain(|&x| x%2 == 0);
     /// assert_eq!(buf, [2, 4]);
     /// ```
+    ///
+    /// The exact order may be useful for tracking external state, like an index.
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::collections::VecDeque;
+    ///
+    /// let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
+    /// buf.extend(1..6);
+    ///
+    /// let keep = [false, true, true, false, true];
+    /// let mut i = 0;
+    /// buf.retain(|_| (keep[i], i += 1).0);
+    /// assert_eq!(buf, [2, 3, 5]);
+    /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "vec_deque_retain", since = "1.4.0")]
     pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, mut f: F)
         where F: FnMut(&T) -> bool

src/liballoc/string.rs

@@ -1212,6 +1212,16 @@ impl String {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(s, "foobar");
     /// ```
+    ///
+    /// The exact order may be useful for tracking external state, like an index.
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// let mut s = String::from("abcde");
+    /// let keep = [false, true, true, false, true];
+    /// let mut i = 0;
+    /// s.retain(|_| (keep[i], i += 1).0);
+    /// assert_eq!(s, "bce");
+    /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[stable(feature = "string_retain", since = "1.26.0")]
     pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, mut f: F)

src/liballoc/vec.rs

@@ -947,6 +947,16 @@ impl<T> Vec<T> {
     /// vec.retain(|&x| x%2 == 0);
     /// assert_eq!(vec, [2, 4]);
     /// ```
+    ///
+    /// The exact order may be useful for tracking external state, like an index.
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// let mut vec = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+    /// let keep = [false, true, true, false, true];
+    /// let mut i = 0;
+    /// vec.retain(|_| (keep[i], i += 1).0);
+    /// assert_eq!(vec, [2, 3, 5]);
+    /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, mut f: F)
         where F: FnMut(&T) -> bool