Add vendor-specific suffixes to mangling RFC 2063

Author: lqd

text/2603-rust-symbol-name-mangling-v0.md

@@ -623,7 +623,8 @@ Mangled names conform to the following grammar:
 
 ```
 // The <decimal-number> specifies the encoding version.
-<symbol-name> = "_R" [<decimal-number>] <path> [<instantiating-crate>]
+<symbol-name> =
+    "_R" [<decimal-number>] <path> [<instantiating-crate>] [<vendor-specific-suffix>]
 
 <path> = "C" <identifier>                    // crate root
        | "M" <impl-path> <type>              // <T> (inherent impl)
@@ -746,6 +747,10 @@ Mangled names conform to the following grammar:
 // We use <path> here, so that we don't have to add a special rule for
 // compression. In practice, only a crate root is expected.
 <instantiating-crate> = <path>
+
+// There are no restrictions on the characters that may be used
+// in the suffix following the `.`.
+<vendor-specific-suffix> = "." <suffix>
 ```
 
 ### Namespace Tags
@@ -801,6 +806,18 @@ With this post-processing in place the Punycode strings can be treated
 like regular identifiers and need no further special handling.
 
 
+### Vendor-specific suffix
+
+Similarly to the [Itanium C++ ABI mangling scheme][itanium-mangling-structure], a symbol name
+containing a period (`.`) represents a vendor-specific version of the symbol. There are no
+restrictions on the characters following the period.
+
+This can happen in practice when locally unique names needed to become globally unique. For example,
+LLVM can append a `.llvm.<numbers>` suffix during LTO to ensure a unique name. In these situations
+it's generally fine to ignore the suffix: the suffixed name has the same semantics as the original.
+
+[itanium-mangling-structure]: https://itanium-cxx-abi.github.io/cxx-abi/abi.html#mangling-structure
+
 ## Compression
 
 Symbol name compression works by substituting parts of the mangled
@@ -1156,3 +1173,4 @@ pub static QUUX: u32 = {
 - Make `<binder>` optional in `<fn-sig>` and `<dyn-bounds>` productions.
 - Extend `<const-data>` to include `bool` values, `char` values, and negative integer values.
 - Remove type from constant placeholders.
+- Allow vendor-specific suffixes.