Add pattern matching support to Net::HTTPResponse

lib/net/http/response.rb

@@ -133,6 +133,9 @@
 # there is a protocol error.
 #
 class Net::HTTPResponse
+  # Valid keys for pattern matching via #deconstruct_keys.
+  PATTERN_MATCHING_KEYS = %i[code message http_version body content_type].freeze
+
   class << self
     # true if the response has a body.
     def body_permitted?
@@ -408,6 +411,31 @@ def body=(value)
 
   alias entity body   #:nodoc: obsolete
 
+  # Returns a hash of response attributes for pattern matching.
+  #
+  # Valid keys are: +:code+, +:message+, +:http_version+, +:body+, +:content_type+
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+  #   case response
+  #   in code: '200', content_type: /json/
+  #     JSON.parse(response.body)
+  #   in code: '404'
+  #     handle_not_found
+  #   end
+  #
+  def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+    valid_keys = keys ? PATTERN_MATCHING_KEYS & keys : PATTERN_MATCHING_KEYS
+    valid_keys.to_h do |key|
+      value = case key
+      when :body then @body
+      else public_send(key)
+      end
+      [key, value]
+    end
+  end
+
   private
 
   # :nodoc:

test/net/http/test_httpresponse.rb

@@ -744,6 +744,46 @@ def test_inspect_response
     assert_equal '#<Net::HTTPUnknownResponse ??? test response readbody=true>', res.inspect
   end
 
+  def test_deconstruct_keys
+    res = Net::HTTPOK.new('1.1', '200', 'OK')
+    res.body = 'test body'
+    res['content-type'] = 'text/plain'
+
+    keys = res.deconstruct_keys(nil)
+    assert_equal '200', keys[:code]
+    assert_equal 'OK', keys[:message]
+    assert_equal '1.1', keys[:http_version]
+    assert_equal 'test body', keys[:body]
+    assert_equal 'text/plain', keys[:content_type]
+  end
+
+  def test_deconstruct_keys_with_specific_keys
+    res = Net::HTTPOK.new('1.1', '200', 'OK')
+    res.body = 'test body'
+
+    keys = res.deconstruct_keys([:code, :message])
+    assert_equal({code: '200', message: 'OK'}, keys)
+  end
+
+  def test_pattern_matching
+    res = Net::HTTPOK.new('1.1', '200', 'OK')
+    res['content-type'] = 'application/json'
+
+    begin
+      matched = instance_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+        case res
+        in code: '200', content_type: /json/
+          true
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      RUBY
+      assert_equal true, matched
+    rescue SyntaxError
+      omit "Pattern matching requires Ruby 2.7+"
+    end
+  end
+
 private
 
   def dummy_io(str)