translate library/random.po (#1027)

* translate

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: W. H. Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>

* Unified "replacement"

---------

Co-authored-by: W. H. Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>

Author: Dr-XYZ

library/random.po

@@ -3,25 +3,26 @@
 #
 # Translators:
 # Allen Wu <allen91.wu@gmail.com>, 2021
+# Dr.XYZ <dr.xyz.tw@gmail.com>, 2025
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.13\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
 "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-09-27 00:14+0000\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-01-23 22:47+0800\n"
-"Last-Translator: Allen Wu <allen91.wu@gmail.com>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-03-07 19:17+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dr.XYZ <dr.xyz.tw@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"
 "tw)\n"
 "Language: zh_TW\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
-"X-Generator: Poedit 3.2.2\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.5\n"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:2
 msgid ":mod:`!random` --- Generate pseudo-random numbers"
-msgstr ":mod:`!random` --- 生成偽隨機數"
+msgstr ":mod:`!random` --- 產生偽隨機數"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:7
 msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/random.py`"
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ msgid ""
 "replacement."
 msgstr ""
 "對於整數，可以從範圍中進行均勻選擇。對於序列，有一個隨機元素的均勻選擇，一個"
-"用來原地 (in-place) 產生隨機排列清單的函式，以及一個用來隨機取樣不替換的函"
+"用來原地 (in-place) 產生隨機排列清單的函式，以及一個用來隨機取樣不重置的函"
 "式。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:19
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ msgid ""
 "generating distributions of angles, the von Mises distribution is available."
 msgstr ""
 "在實數線上，有一些函式用於處理均勻分佈、常態分佈（高斯分佈）、對數常態分佈、"
-"負指數分佈、gamma 分佈和 Beta 分佈。對於生成角度分佈，可以使用馮·米塞斯分佈 "
+"負指數分佈、gamma 分佈和 Beta 分佈。對於產生角度分佈，可以使用馮·米塞斯分佈 "
 "(von Mises distribution)。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:23
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ msgid ""
 "purposes, and is completely unsuitable for cryptographic purposes."
 msgstr ""
 "幾乎所有 module 函式都相依於基本函式 :func:`.random`，此函式在半開放範圍 "
-"``0.0 <= X < 1.0`` 內均勻地生成一個隨機 float（浮點數）。Python 使用 "
+"``0.0 <= X < 1.0`` 內均勻地產生一個隨機 float（浮點數）。Python 使用 "
 "Mersenne Twister（梅森旋轉演算法）作為核心的產生器，它產生 53 位元精度 "
 "float，其週期為 2\\*\\*19937-1，透過 C 語言進行底層的實作既快速又支援執行緒安"
 "全 (threadsafe)。Mersenne Twister 是現存最廣泛被驗證的隨機數產生器之一，但是"
@@ -137,6 +138,9 @@ msgid ""
 "contention and poor performance. Consider using separate instances of :class:"
 "`Random` per thread instead."
 msgstr ""
+"全域隨機數產生器和 :class:`Random` 的實例是執行緒安全的。然而，在自由執行緒構"
+"建中，對全域產生器或同一 :class:`Random` 實例的並行呼叫可能會遇到爭用和性能不"
+"佳。請考慮改為每個執行緒使用單獨的 :class:`Random` 實例。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:70
 msgid "Bookkeeping functions"
@@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ msgid ""
 "generates a narrower range of seeds."
 msgstr ""
 "若使用版本 1（為復現於舊版本 Python 中產生隨機序列而提供），:class:`str` 和 :"
-"class:`bytes` 的演算法會生成範圍更窄的種子 (seed)。"
+"class:`bytes` 的演算法會產生範圍更窄的種子 (seed)。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:90
 msgid ""
@@ -816,6 +820,31 @@ msgid ""
 ">>> sample([10, 20, 30, 40, 50], k=4) # Four samples without replacement\n"
 "[40, 10, 50, 30]"
 msgstr ""
+">>> random()                          # 隨機浮點數：0.0 <= x < 1.0\n"
+"0.37444887175646646\n"
+"\n"
+">>> uniform(2.5, 10.0)                # 隨機浮點數：2.5 <= x <= 10.0\n"
+"3.1800146073117523\n"
+"\n"
+">>> expovariate(1 / 5)                # 到達間隔平均為 5 秒\n"
+"5.148957571865031\n"
+"\n"
+">>> randrange(10)                     # 0 到 9（含）的整數\n"
+"7\\n\n"
+"\n"
+">>> randrange(0, 101, 2)              # 0 到 100（含）的偶數整數\n"
+"26\\n\n"
+"\n"
+">>> choice(['win', 'lose', 'draw'])   # 從序列中隨機選取單一元素\n"
+"'draw'\n"
+"\n"
+">>> deck = 'ace two three four'.split()\n"
+">>> shuffle(deck)                     # 打亂串列\n"
+">>> deck\n"
+"['four', 'two', 'ace', 'three']\n"
+"\n"
+">>> sample([10, 20, 30, 40, 50], k=4) # 四個無重置的樣本\n"
+"[40, 10, 50, 30]"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:510
 msgid "Simulations::"
@@ -846,6 +875,27 @@ msgid ""
 ">>> sum(trial() for i in range(10_000)) / 10_000\n"
 "0.7958"
 msgstr ""
+">>> # 六次輪盤旋轉（有重置的加權抽樣）\n"
+">>> choices(['red', 'black', 'green'], [18, 18, 2], k=6)\n"
+"['red', 'green', 'black', 'black', 'red', 'black']\n"
+"\n"
+">>> # 從一副 52 張撲克牌中無重置發 20 張牌\n"
+">>> # 並確定具有十點值的牌的比例：十、傑克、王后或國王\n"
+">>> deal = sample(['tens', 'low cards'], counts=[16, 36], k=20)\n"
+">>> deal.count('tens') / 20\n"
+"0.15\n"
+"\n"
+">>> # 估計從 7 次旋轉中得到 5 次或更多正面的概率\n"
+">>> # 使用一枚 60% 概率為正面的偏幣\n"
+">>> sum(binomialvariate(n=7, p=0.6) >= 5 for i in range(10_000)) / 10_000\n"
+"0.4169\n"
+"\n"
+">>> # 計算 5 個樣本的中位數位於中間兩個四分位數的概率\n"
+">>> def trial():\n"
+"...     return 2_500 <= sorted(choices(range(10_000), k=5))[2] < 7_500\n"
+"...\n"
+">>> sum(trial() for i in range(10_000)) / 10_000\n"
+"0.7958"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:535
 msgid ""
@@ -916,6 +966,26 @@ msgid ""
 "print(f'hypothesis that there is no difference between the drug and the "
 "placebo.')"
 msgstr ""
+"# 範例來自 Dennis Shasha 和 Manda Wilson 的 \"Statistics is Easy\"\n"
+"from statistics import fmean as mean\n"
+"from random import shuffle\n"
+"\n"
+"drug = [54, 73, 53, 70, 73, 68, 52, 65, 65]\n"
+"placebo = [54, 51, 58, 44, 55, 52, 42, 47, 58, 46]\n"
+"observed_diff = mean(drug) - mean(placebo)\n"
+"\n"
+"n = 10_000\n"
+"count = 0\n"
+"combined = drug + placebo\n"
+"for i in range(n):\n"
+"    shuffle(combined)\n"
+"    new_diff = mean(combined[:len(drug)]) - mean(combined[len(drug):])\n"
+"    count += (new_diff >= observed_diff)\n"
+"\n"
+"print(f'{n} 次標籤重新洗牌僅產生 {count} 個差異實例')\n"
+"print(f'至少與觀察到的差異 {observed_diff:.1f} 一樣極端。')\n"
+"print(f'單邊 p 值 {count / n:.4f} 使我們拒絕無效假設')\n"
+"print(f'即藥物與安慰劑之間沒有差異。')"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:575
 msgid ""
@@ -950,6 +1020,31 @@ msgid ""
 "print(f'Mean wait: {mean(waits):.1f}   Max wait: {max(waits):.1f}')\n"
 "print('Quartiles:', [round(q, 1) for q in quantiles(waits)])"
 msgstr ""
+"from heapq import heapify, heapreplace\n"
+"from random import expovariate, gauss\n"
+"from statistics import mean, quantiles\n"
+"\n"
+"average_arrival_interval = 5.6\n"
+"average_service_time = 15.0\n"
+"stdev_service_time = 3.5\n"
+"num_servers = 3\n"
+"\n"
+"waits = []\n"
+"arrival_time = 0.0\n"
+"servers = [0.0] * num_servers  # 每個伺服器可用的時間\n"
+"heapify(servers)\n"
+"for i in range(1_000_000):\n"
+"    arrival_time += expovariate(1.0 / average_arrival_interval)\n"
+"    next_server_available = servers[0]\n"
+"    wait = max(0.0, next_server_available - arrival_time)\n"
+"    waits.append(wait)\n"
+"    service_duration = max(0.0, gauss(average_service_time, "
+"stdev_service_time))\n"
+"    service_completed = arrival_time + wait + service_duration\n"
+"    heapreplace(servers, service_completed)\n"
+"\n"
+"print(f'平均等待時間：{mean(waits):.1f}   最大等待時間：{max(waits):.1f}')\n"
+"print('四分位數：', [round(q, 1) for q in quantiles(waits)])"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:604
 msgid ""
@@ -1028,6 +1123,31 @@ msgid ""
 "    indices = sorted(random.choices(range(n), k=r))\n"
 "    return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)"
 msgstr ""
+"def random_product(*args, repeat=1):\n"
+"    \"從 itertools.product(*args, **kwds) 中隨機選擇\"\n"
+"    pools = [tuple(pool) for pool in args] * repeat\n"
+"    return tuple(map(random.choice, pools))\n"
+"\n"
+"def random_permutation(iterable, r=None):\n"
+"    \"從 itertools.permutations(iterable, r) 中隨機選擇\"\n"
+"    pool = tuple(iterable)\n"
+"    r = len(pool) if r is None else r\n"
+"    return tuple(random.sample(pool, r))\n"
+"\n"
+"def random_combination(iterable, r):\n"
+"    \"從 itertools.combinations(iterable, r) 中隨機選擇\"\n"
+"    pool = tuple(iterable)\n"
+"    n = len(pool)\n"
+"    indices = sorted(random.sample(range(n), r))\n"
+"    return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)\n"
+"\n"
+"def random_combination_with_replacement(iterable, r):\n"
+"    \"有重置地選擇 r 個元素。結果按可疊代物件排序。\"\n"
+"    # 結果將在 set(itertools.combinations_with_replacement(iterable, r)) 中\n"
+"    pool = tuple(iterable)\n"
+"    n = len(pool)\n"
+"    indices = sorted(random.choices(range(n), k=r))\n"
+"    return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:659
 msgid ""
@@ -1131,64 +1251,64 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:713
 msgid "Command-line usage"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "命令列用法"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:717
 msgid "The :mod:`!random` module can be executed from the command line."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr ":mod:`!random` 模組可以從命令列執行。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:719
 msgid ""
 "python -m random [-h] [-c CHOICE [CHOICE ...] | -i N | -f N] [input ...]"
 msgstr ""
+"python -m random [-h] [-c CHOICE [CHOICE ...] | -i N | -f N] [input ...]"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:723
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "The following options are accepted:"
-msgstr "以下函式產生離散分佈。"
+msgstr "接受以下選項："
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:729
 msgid "Show the help message and exit."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "顯示幫助訊息並退出。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:734
 msgid "Print a random choice, using :meth:`choice`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列印一個隨機選擇，使用 :meth:`choice`。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:739
 msgid ""
 "Print a random integer between 1 and N inclusive, using :meth:`randint`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列印 1 到 N（含）之間的隨機整數，使用 :meth:`randint`。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:744
 msgid ""
 "Print a random floating-point number between 0 and N inclusive, using :meth:"
 "`uniform`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列印 0 到 N（含）之間的隨機浮點數，使用 :meth:`uniform`。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:747
 msgid "If no options are given, the output depends on the input:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果未給定選項，則輸出取決於輸入："
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:749
 msgid "String or multiple: same as :option:`--choice`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "字串或多個：與 :option:`--choice` 相同。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:750
 msgid "Integer: same as :option:`--integer`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "整數：與 :option:`--integer` 相同。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:751
 msgid "Float: same as :option:`--float`."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "浮點數：與 :option:`--float` 相同。"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:756
 msgid "Command-line example"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "命令列範例"
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:758
 msgid "Here are some examples of the :mod:`!random` command-line interface:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以下是 :mod:`!random` 命令列介面的一些範例："
 
 #: ../../library/random.rst:760
 msgid ""
@@ -1222,3 +1342,32 @@ msgid ""
 "$ python -m random --float 6\n"
 "3.1942323316565915"
 msgstr ""
+"$ # 隨機選擇一個\n"
+"$ python -m random egg bacon sausage spam \"Lobster Thermidor aux "
+"crevettes with a Mornay sauce\"\n"
+"Lobster Thermidor aux crevettes with a Mornay sauce\n"
+"\n"
+"$ # 隨機整數\n"
+"$ python -m random 6\n"
+"6\n"
+"\n"
+"$ # 隨機浮點數\n"
+"$ python -m random 1.8\n"
+"1.7080016272295635\n"
+"\n"
+"$ # 使用明確的引數\n"
+"$ python  -m random --choice egg bacon sausage spam \"Lobster Thermidor "
+"aux crevettes with a Mornay sauce\"\n"
+"egg\n"
+"\n"
+"$ python -m random --integer 6\n"
+"3\n"
+"\n"
+"$ python -m random --float 1.8\n"
+"1.5666339105010318\n"
+"\n"
+"$ python -m random --integer 6\n"
+"5\n"
+"\n"
+"$ python -m random --float 6\n"
+"3.1942323316565915"