ci: rewritten packgage build and publishing process

As unblob now contains an extension module, we need to build multiple
wheels for multiple platforms. Even for Docker images we need a
different wheel per architecture.

In order to keep unnecessary rebuilds to a minimum, wheels are built
only by the `build_linux` and `build_macos` jobs, and both PyPi
publishing and Docker image building reuses them.

This change needs dependency relationships between the affected jobs,
so the `run-tests`, `release` and `build-publish-image` workflows are merged
to a single `CI` workflow. Technically the `run-tests` job could have
been left out, but it makes sense to have a dependency relationship
between that an the release publishing job.

The existing already parts, like pre-commit, pyright, pytest and
docker build steps are lifted from the now deleted workflow files.

The template of the wheel build and publishing parts of this job was generated using:

    maturin generate-ci --platform manylinux musllinux macos --pytest -- github

The generated code is cleaned up, instead of running pytest for
created wheels, an `unblob --version` test command is added (it is a
PITA having 3rd party extractors available in all these platforms)

Author: vlaci