diff --git a/.github/workflows/sbom.yml b/.github/workflows/sbom.yml
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/.github/workflows/sbom.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+name: Generate SBOM
+
+# This workflow uses cyclonedx/cdxgen and publishes an sbom.json artifact.
+# It runs on manual trigger or when package files change on master branch,
+# and creates a PR with the updated SBOM.
+# Internal documentation: go/sbom-scope
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+  push:
+    branches: ['master']
+    paths:
+      - 'Gemfile'
+      - 'Gemfile.lock'
+      - 'mongo.gemspec'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  sbom:
+    name: Generate SBOM and Create PR
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    concurrency:
+      group: sbom-${{ github.ref }}
+      cancel-in-progress: false
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Set up Ruby
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.2"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: bundle install --standalone
+
+      - name: Generate SBOM
+        run: |
+          # Generate SBOM with license fetching and required-only flag
+          FETCH_LICENSE=true npx -y -p "@cyclonedx/cdxgen@11.0.0" \
+            cdxgen \
+            --type ruby \
+            --spec-version 1.5 \
+            --required-only \
+            --output sbom.json
+
+          # Post-process SBOM: remove incompatible fields and fix licenses
+          jq '
+            # Remove incompatible fields for silkbomb compatibility
+            del(.metadata.lifecycles) |
+            walk(if type == "object" then del(.evidence) else . end) |
+
+            # Fix missing licenses
+            .components |= map(
+              if .name == "yard-solargraph" and
+                 (.licenses == null or .licenses == []) then
+                . + {licenses: [{license: {
+                  id: "MIT",
+                  url: "https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT"
+                }}]}
+              else
+                .
+              end
+            )
+          ' sbom.json > sbom.tmp.json && mv sbom.tmp.json sbom.json
+
+      - name: Download CycloneDX CLI
+        run: |
+          curl -L -s -o /tmp/cyclonedx \
+            "https://github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-cli/releases/download/v0.29.1/cyclonedx-linux-x64"
+          chmod +x /tmp/cyclonedx
+
+      - name: Validate SBOM
+        run: |
+          /tmp/cyclonedx validate --input-file sbom.json \
+            --fail-on-errors
+
+      - name: Cleanup vendor directory
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          # Remove vendor directory if it was created during bundle install
+          rm -rf vendor/
+
+      - name: Upload SBOM artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: sbom
+          path: sbom.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
+      - name: Create Pull Request
+        # peter-evans/create-pull-request v7.0.6
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@b4733b9419fd47bbfa1807b15627e17cd70b5b22
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          commit-message: 'chore: Update SBOM after dependency changes'
+          branch: auto-update-sbom-${{ github.run_id }}
+          delete-branch: true
+          title: 'chore: Update SBOM'
+          add-paths: |
+            sbom.json
+          body: |
+            ## Automated SBOM Update
+
+            This PR was automatically generated because dependency
+            manifest files changed.
+
+            ### Changes
+            - Updated `sbom.json` to reflect current dependencies
+
+            ### Verification
+            The SBOM was generated using @cyclonedx/cdxgen v11.0.0 with
+            the ruby type.
+
+            ### Triggered by
+            - Commit: ${{ github.sha }}
+            - Workflow run: ${{ github.run_id }}
+
+            ---
+            _This PR was created automatically by the [SBOM workflow](${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }})_
+          labels: |
+            sbom
+            automated
+            dependencies