fix (lib): Loosen predicate return types of typed arrays, adapt docs (#31343)

fixes #31472

Author: MichaelTamm

src/lib/es5.d.ts

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ tests/cases/conformance/es6/destructuring/destructuringParameterDeclaration4.ts(
     a1(...array2);            // Error parameter type is (number|string)[]
           ~~~~~~
 !!! error TS2552: Cannot find name 'array2'. Did you mean 'Array'?
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1373:13: 'Array' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1385:13: 'Array' is declared here.
     a5([1, 2, "string", false, true]);       // Error, parameter type is [any, any, [[any]]]
               ~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS2322: Type 'string' is not assignable to type '[[any]]'.

tests/baselines/reference/destructuringParameterDeclaration4.errors.txt

@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations.ts(160,21): error TS2769: No overload m
 !!! error TS2769:   The last overload gave the following error.
 !!! error TS2769:     Argument of type '(x: any) => IPromise<string>' is not assignable to parameter of type '(error: any) => Promise<number>'.
 !!! error TS2769:       Property 'catch' is missing in type 'IPromise<string>' but required in type 'Promise<number>'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1418:5: 'catch' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1430:5: 'catch' is declared here.
 !!! related TS2771 tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations.ts:5:5: The last overload is declared here.
     var s10g = s10.then(testFunctionP, nIPromise, sIPromise).then(sPromise, sIPromise, sIPromise); // ok
 

tests/baselines/reference/promisePermutations.errors.txt

@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations2.ts(159,21): error TS2345: Argument of
                                        ~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS2345: Argument of type '(x: any) => IPromise<string>' is not assignable to parameter of type '(error: any) => Promise<number>'.
 !!! error TS2345:   Property 'catch' is missing in type 'IPromise<string>' but required in type 'Promise<number>'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1418:5: 'catch' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1430:5: 'catch' is declared here.
     var s10g = s10.then(testFunctionP, nIPromise, sIPromise).then(sPromise, sIPromise, sIPromise); // ok
 
     var r11: IPromise<number>;

tests/baselines/reference/promisePermutations2.errors.txt

@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations3.ts(165,21): error TS2345: Argument of
 !!! error TS2769:   The last overload gave the following error.
 !!! error TS2769:     Argument of type '(x: any) => IPromise<string>' is not assignable to parameter of type '(error: any) => Promise<number>'.
 !!! error TS2769:       Property 'catch' is missing in type 'IPromise<string>' but required in type 'Promise<number>'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1418:5: 'catch' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1430:5: 'catch' is declared here.
 !!! related TS2771 tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations3.ts:7:5: The last overload is declared here.
     var s10g = s10.then(testFunctionP, nIPromise, sIPromise).then(sPromise, sIPromise, sIPromise); // ok
 
@@ -445,5 +445,5 @@ tests/cases/compiler/promisePermutations3.ts(165,21): error TS2345: Argument of
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 !!! error TS2345: Argument of type '{ <T>(x: T): IPromise<T>; <T>(x: T, y: T): Promise<T>; }' is not assignable to parameter of type '(value: (x: any) => any) => Promise<unknown>'.
 !!! error TS2345:   Property 'catch' is missing in type 'IPromise<any>' but required in type 'Promise<unknown>'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1418:5: 'catch' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1430:5: 'catch' is declared here.
     var s12c = s12.then(testFunction12P, testFunction12, testFunction12); // ok

tests/baselines/reference/promisePermutations3.errors.txt

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/promiseTypeInference.ts(10,39): error TS2769: No overload m
 !!! error TS2769:           Types of parameters 'success' and 'onfulfilled' are incompatible.
 !!! error TS2769:             Type 'TResult1 | PromiseLike<TResult1>' is not assignable to type 'IPromise<TResult1 | TResult2>'.
 !!! error TS2769:               Type 'TResult1' is not assignable to type 'IPromise<TResult1 | TResult2>'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1418:5: 'catch' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1430:5: 'catch' is declared here.
 !!! related TS6502 tests/cases/compiler/promiseTypeInference.ts:2:23: The expected type comes from the return type of this signature.
-!!! related TS6502 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1411:57: The expected type comes from the return type of this signature.
+!!! related TS6502 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1423:57: The expected type comes from the return type of this signature.
 

tests/baselines/reference/promiseTypeInference.errors.txt

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ tests/cases/compiler/redefineArray.ts(1,1): error TS2741: Property 'isArray' is
     Array = function (n:number, s:string) {return n;};
     ~~~~~
 !!! error TS2741: Property 'isArray' is missing in type '(n: number, s: string) => number' but required in type 'ArrayConstructor'.
-!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1369:5: 'isArray' is declared here.
+!!! related TS2728 /.ts/lib.es5.d.ts:1381:5: 'isArray' is declared here.