[mlir][EmitC] Fix evaluation order of expressions (#93549)

Expressions with the same precedence were not parenthesized and
therefore were possibly evaluated in the wrong order depending on the
shape of the expression tree.

---------

Co-authored-by: Matthias Gehre <matthias.gehre@amd.com>
Co-authored-by: Corentin Ferry <corentin.ferry@amd.com>

Author: 3 people

mlir/lib/Target/Cpp/TranslateToCpp.cpp

@@ -1316,7 +1316,11 @@ LogicalResult CppEmitter::emitOperand(Value value) {
     FailureOr<int> precedence = getOperatorPrecedence(def);
     if (failed(precedence))
       return failure();
-    bool encloseInParenthesis = precedence.value() < getExpressionPrecedence();
+
+    // Sub-expressions with equal or lower precedence need to be parenthesized,
+    // as they might be evaluated in the wrong order depending on the shape of
+    // the expression tree.
+    bool encloseInParenthesis = precedence.value() <= getExpressionPrecedence();
     if (encloseInParenthesis) {
       os << "(";
       pushExpressionPrecedence(lowestPrecedence());

mlir/test/Target/Cpp/expressions.mlir

@@ -65,15 +65,15 @@ func.func @do_not_inline(%arg0: i32, %arg1: i32, %arg2 : i32) -> i32 {
   return %e : i32
 }
 
-// CPP-DEFAULT:      float paranthesis_for_low_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
+// CPP-DEFAULT:      float parentheses_for_low_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
 // CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT:   return (float) ([[VAL_1]] + [[VAL_2]] * [[VAL_3]]);
 // CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT: }
 
-// CPP-DECLTOP:      float paranthesis_for_low_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
+// CPP-DECLTOP:      float parentheses_for_low_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
 // CPP-DECLTOP-NEXT:   return (float) ([[VAL_1]] + [[VAL_2]] * [[VAL_3]]);
 // CPP-DECLTOP-NEXT: }
 
-func.func @paranthesis_for_low_precedence(%arg0: i32, %arg1: i32, %arg2: i32) -> f32 {
+func.func @parentheses_for_low_precedence(%arg0: i32, %arg1: i32, %arg2: i32) -> f32 {
   %e = emitc.expression : f32 {
     %a = emitc.add %arg0, %arg1 : (i32, i32) -> i32
     %b = emitc.mul %a, %arg2 : (i32, i32) -> i32
@@ -83,6 +83,23 @@ func.func @paranthesis_for_low_precedence(%arg0: i32, %arg1: i32, %arg2: i32) ->
   return %e : f32
 }
 
+// CPP-DEFAULT:      int32_t parentheses_for_same_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
+// CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT:   return [[VAL_3]] / ([[VAL_1]] * [[VAL_2]]);
+// CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT: }
+
+// CPP-DECLTOP:      int32_t parentheses_for_same_precedence(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]]) {
+// CPP-DECLTOP-NEXT:   return [[VAL_3]] / ([[VAL_1]] * [[VAL_2]]);
+// CPP-DECLTOP-NEXT: }
+func.func @parentheses_for_same_precedence(%arg0: i32, %arg1: i32, %arg2: i32) -> i32 {
+  %e = emitc.expression : i32 {
+      %0 = emitc.mul %arg0, %arg1 : (i32, i32) -> i32
+      %1 = emitc.div %arg2, %0 : (i32, i32) -> i32
+      emitc.yield %1 : i32
+    }
+
+  return %e : i32
+}
+
 // CPP-DEFAULT:      int32_t multiple_uses(int32_t [[VAL_1:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_2:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_3:v[0-9]+]], int32_t [[VAL_4:v[0-9]+]]) {
 // CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT:   bool [[VAL_5:v[0-9]+]] = bar([[VAL_1]] * [[VAL_2]], [[VAL_3]]) - [[VAL_4]] < [[VAL_2]];
 // CPP-DEFAULT-NEXT:   int32_t [[VAL_6:v[0-9]+]];