@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ boundaries, different options can be assigned to each dimension, making
7777configurations like *boundary p p fm * valid for systems such as
7878slab geometries.
7979
80- .. admonition :: Test
80+ .. admonition :: Note
8181 :class: non-title-info
8282
8383 Strictly speaking, none of the four commands specified in the
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ should prompt your web browser to open the corresponding URL for the
9595online manual. A screenshot of this context menu is shown in
9696Fig. INCLUDE FIGURE
9797
98- **************************************
99-
10098The next step is to create the simulation box and populate it with
10199atoms. Modify the *System definition * category of
102100*initial.lmp * as shown below:
@@ -183,7 +181,7 @@ of type 2, :math:`\epsilon_{22} = 0.5`, and :math:`\sigma_{22} = 3.0`.
183181 :math: `\sigma _{12 } = \sqrt {1.0 \times 3.0 } = 1.732 `.
184182
185183Single-point energy
186- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
184+ -------------------
187185
188186The system is now fully parameterized, and the input is ready to compute
189187forces. Let us complete the two remaining categories,
@@ -215,21 +213,21 @@ as specified by the thermodynamic data request. Since no actual simulation
215213steps were performed, the *Charts * window will be empty.
216214
217215Snapshot Image
218- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
216+ --------------
219217
220218At this point, you can create a snapshot image of the current system
221219using the *Image Viewer * window, which can be accessed by
222220clicking the *Create Image * button in the *Run * menu. The
223221image viewer works by instructing LAMMPS to render an image of the
224- current system using its internal rendering library via the *dump
225- image * command. The resulting image is then displayed, with various
222+ current system using its internal rendering library via the *dump image *
223+ command. The resulting image is then displayed, with various
226224buttons available to adjust the view and rendering style. The image
227225shown in Fig. INSERT FIGURE was created this way. This will always
228226capture the current state of the system. Save the image for future
229227comparisons.
230228
231229Energy minimization
232- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
230+ -------------------
233231
234232Now, replace the *run 0 post no * command line with the
235233following *minimize * command:
@@ -243,7 +241,7 @@ This tells LAMMPS to perform an energy minimization of the system.
243241Specifically, LAMMPS will compute the forces on all atoms and then update their
244242positions according to a selected algorithm, aiming to reduce
245243the potential energy. By default, LAMMPS uses the conjugate gradient (CG)
246- algorithm~ :cite: `hestenes1952methods `. The simulation will stop as soon
244+ algorithm :cite: `hestenes1952methods `. The simulation will stop as soon
247245as the minimizer algorithm cannot find a way to lower the potential
248246energy. Note that, except for trivial systems, minimization algorithms will find a
249247local minimum rather than the global minimum.
@@ -277,7 +275,7 @@ that the atoms are *clumping together* as they move toward positions
277275of lower potential energy.
278276
279277Molecular dynamics
280- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
278+ ------------------
281279
282280After energy minimization, any overlapping atoms are displaced, and
283281the system is ready for a molecular dynamics simulation. To continue
@@ -366,22 +364,36 @@ change it to perform statistically independent simulations. In the
366364presence of a thermostat, the MD simulation will be performed in the
367365canonical or NVT ensemble.
368366
369- INSERT FIGURE
370-
371367Run the simulation again using LAMMPS--GUI. From the information
372368printed in the *Output * window, one can see that the temperature
373369starts from 0 but rapidly reaches the requested value and
374370stabilizes itself near :math: `T=1 ` temperature units. One can also observe that
375371the potential energy, :math: `U`, rapidly decreases during energy
376- minimization (see also Fig. fig:evolution-energy INSERT FIGURE ). After
372+ minimization (see the figure below ). After
377373the molecular dynamics simulation starts, :math: `U` increases until
378374it reaches a plateau value of about -0.25. The kinetic energy,
379375:math: `K`, is equal to zero during energy minimization and then
380376increases rapidly during molecular dynamics until it reaches
381- a plateau value of about 1.5 (Fig. fig:evolution-energy INSERT FIGURE).
377+ a plateau value of about 1.5.
378+
379+ .. figure :: figures/LJ-energy-dm.png
380+ :class: only-dark
381+ :alt: Evolution of the Lennard-Jones fluid energy
382+
383+ .. figure :: figures/LJ-energy.png
384+ :class: only-light
385+ :alt: Evolution of the Lennard-Jones fluid energy
386+
387+ .. container :: figurelegend
388+
389+ (a) Potential energy, :math: `U`, of the binary mixture as a function of the
390+ step during energy minimization.
391+ (b) Potential energy, :math: `U`, as a function of time, :math: `t`, during molecular dynamics in
392+ the NVT ensemble. (c) Kinetic energy, :math: `K`, during energy minimization.
393+ (d) Kinetic energy, :math: `K`, during molecular dynamics.
382394
383395Trajectory visualization
384- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
396+ ------------------------
385397
386398So far, the simulation has been mostly monitored through the analysis of
387399thermodynamic information. To better follow the evolution of the system
@@ -423,14 +435,14 @@ options of the *dump image* command. For instance, the value for the
423435the *view * and *zoom * keywords adjust the camera (and so on).
424436
425437Improving the script
426- --------------------
438+ ====================
427439
428440Let us improve the input script and perform more advanced operations,
429441such as specifying initial positions for the atoms and restarting the
430442simulation from a previously saved configuration.
431443
432444Control the initial atom positions
433- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
445+ ----------------------------------
434446
435447Open the *improved.min.lmp *, which was downloaded during the
436448tutorial setup. This file contains the *Part A * of the
@@ -529,7 +541,7 @@ stored internally in LAMMPS.
529541 copy of the data file that works regardless of your LAMMPS version and platform.
530542
531543Restarting from a saved configuration
532- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
544+ -------------------------------------
533545
534546To continue a simulation from the saved configuration, open the
535547*improved.md.lmp * file, which was downloaded during the tutorial setup.
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