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Merge pull request #1027 from json-schema-org/separate-format-vocabularies
`format` as a annotation by default - separate vocabs (option 3)
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‎jsonschema-validation.xml‎

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<section title="Foreword">
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<t>
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Structural validation alone may be insufficient to allow an application to correctly
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utilize certain values. The "format" annotation keyword is defined to allow schema
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utilize certain values. The "format" annotation keyword is defined to allow schema
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authors to convey semantic information for a fixed subset of values which are
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accurately described by authoritative resources, be they RFCs or other external
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specifications.
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</t>
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<t>
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Implementations MAY treat "format" as an assertion in addition to an annotation,
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and attempt to validate the value's conformance to the specified semantics.
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See the Implementation Requirements below for details.
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</t>
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<t>
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The value of this keyword is called a format attribute. It MUST be a string. A
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format attribute can generally only validate a given set of instance types. If
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<xref target="json-schema">core JSON Schema.</xref>
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<cref>
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Note that the "type" keyword in this specification defines an "integer" type
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which is not part of the data model. Therefore a format attribute can be
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limited to numbers, but not specifically to integers. However, a numeric
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which is not part of the data model. Therefore a format attribute can be
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limited to numbers, but not specifically to integers. However, a numeric
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format can be used alongside the "type" keyword with a value of "integer",
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or could be explicitly defined to always pass if the number is not an integer,
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which produces essentially the same behavior as only applying to integers.
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</cref>
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</t>
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<t>
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Meta-schemas that do not use "$vocabulary" SHOULD be considered to
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utilize this vocabulary as if its URI were present with a value of false.
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See the Implementation Requirements below for details.
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The current URI for this vocabulary, known as the Format-Annotation vocabulary, is:
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&lt;https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/vocab/format-annotation&gt;. The current
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URI for the corresponding meta-schema is:
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<eref target="https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/meta/format-annotation"/>.
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Implementing support for this vocabulary is REQUIRED.
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</t>
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<t>
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The current URI for this vocabulary, known as the Format vocabulary, is:
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&lt;https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/vocab/format&gt;.
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In addition to the Format-Annotation vocabulary, a secondary vocabulary is available
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for custom meta-schemas that defines "format" as an assertion. The URI for the
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Format-Assertion vocabulary, is:
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&lt;https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/vocab/format-assertion&gt;. The current
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URI for the corresponding meta-schema is:
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<eref target="https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/meta/format-assertion"/>.
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Implementing support for the Format-Assertion vocabulary is OPTIONAL.
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</t>
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<t>
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The current URI for the corresponding meta-schema is:
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<eref target="https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-11/meta/format"/>.
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Specifying both the Format-Annotation and the Format-Assertion vocabularies is functionally
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equivalent to specifying only the Format-Assertion vocabulary since its requirements
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are a superset of the Format-Annotation vocabulary.
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</t>
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</section>
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<section title="Implementation Requirements">
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<t>
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The "format" keyword functions as an annotation, and optionally as an assertion.
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<cref>This is due to the keyword's history, and is not in line with current
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keyword design principles.</cref> In order to manage this ambiguity, the
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"format" keyword is defined in its own separate vocabulary, as noted above.
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The true or false value of the vocabulary declaration governs the implementation
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requirements necessary to process a schema that uses "format", and the
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behaviors on which schema authors can rely.
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The "format" keyword functions as defined by the vocabulary which is referenced.
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</t>
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<section title="As an annotation">
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<section title="Format-Annotation Vocabulary">
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<t>
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The value of format MUST be collected as an annotation, if the implementation
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supports annotation collection. This enables application-level validation when
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supports annotation collection. This enables application-level validation when
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schema validation is unavailable or inadequate.
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</t>
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<t>
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This requirement is not affected by the boolean value of the vocabulary
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declaration, nor by the configuration of "format"'s assertion
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behavior described in the next section.
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Implementations MAY still treat "format" as an assertion in addition to an
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annotation and attempt to validate the value's conformance to the specified
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semantics. The implementation MUST provide options to enable and disable such
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evaluation and MUST be disabled by default. Implementations SHOULD document
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their level of support for such validation.
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<cref>
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Requiring annotation collection even when the vocabulary is declared with
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a value of false is atypical, but necessary to ensure that the best
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practice of performing application-level validation is possible even when
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assertion evaluation is not implemented. Since "format" has always been
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a part of this specification, requiring implementations to be aware of it
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even with a false vocabulary declaration is deemed to not be a burden.
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Specifying the Format-Annotation vocabulary and enabling validation in an
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implementation should not be viewed as being equivalent to specifying
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the Format-Assertion vocabulary since implementations are not required to
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provide full validation support when the Format-Assertion vocabulary
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is not specified.
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</cref>
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</t>
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</section>
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<section title="As an assertion">
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<t>
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Regardless of the boolean value of the vocabulary declaration,
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an implementation that can evaluate "format" as an assertion MUST provide
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options to enable and disable such evaluation. The assertion evaluation
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behavior when the option is not explicitly specified depends on
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the vocabulary declaration's boolean value.
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</t>
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<t>
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When implementing this entire specification, this vocabulary MUST
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be supported with a value of false (but see details below),
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and MAY be supported with a value of true.
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</t>
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<t>
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When the vocabulary is declared with a value of false, an implementation:
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When the implementation is configured for assertion behavior, it:
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<list>
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<t>
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MUST NOT evaluate "format" as an assertion unless it is explicitly
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configured to do so;
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</t>
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<t>
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SHOULD provide an implementation-specific best effort validation
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for each format attribute defined below;
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MAY choose to implement validation of any or all format attributes
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as a no-op by always producing a validation result of true;
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</t>
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<t>
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SHOULD document its level of support for validation.
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</t>
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</list>
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<cref>
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This matches the current reality of implementations, which provide
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validation in the application, which is the recommended best practice.
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</cref>
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</t>
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</section>
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<section title="Format-Assertion Vocabulary">
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<t>
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When the Format-Assertion vocabulary is declared with a value of true,
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implementations MUST provide full validation support for all of the formats
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defined by this specificaion. Implementations that cannot provide full
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validation support MUST refuse to process the schema.
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</t>
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<t>
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When the vocabulary is declared with a value of true, an implementation
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that supports this form of the vocabulary:
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An implementation that supports the Format-Assertion vocabulary:
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<list>
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<t>
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MUST evaluate "format" as an assertion unless it is explicitly
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configured not to do so;
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MUST still collect "format" as an annotation if the implementation
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supports annotation collection;
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</t>
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<t>
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MUST evaluate "format" as an assertion;
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</t>
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<t>
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MUST implement syntactic validation for all format attributes defined
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<t>
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Implementations MAY support custom format attributes. Save for agreement between
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parties, schema authors SHALL NOT expect a peer implementation to support such
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custom format attributes. An implementation MUST NOT fail
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validation or cease processing due to an unknown format attribute.
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When treating "format" as an annotation, implementations SHOULD collect both
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known and unknown format attribute values.
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custom format attributes. An implementation MUST NOT fail to collect unknown formats
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as annotations. When the Format-Assertion vocabulary is specified, implementations
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MUST fail upon encountering unknown formats.
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</t>
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<t>
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Vocabularies do not support specifically declaring different value sets for keywords.

‎meta/format-annotation.json‎

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{
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"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
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"$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/format-annotation",
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"$vocabulary": {
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"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/format-annotation": true
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},
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"$dynamicAnchor": "meta",
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"title": "Format vocabulary meta-schema for annotation results",
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"type": ["object", "boolean"],
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"properties": {
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"format": { "type": "string" }
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}
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}

‎meta/format.json‎ renamed to ‎meta/format-assertion.json‎

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{
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"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema",
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"$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/format",
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"$id": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/meta/format-assertion",
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"$vocabulary": {
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"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/format": true
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"https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/vocab/format-assertion": true
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},
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"$dynamicAnchor": "meta",
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"title": "Format vocabulary meta-schema",
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"title": "Format vocabulary meta-schema for assertion results",
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"type": ["object", "boolean"],
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"properties": {
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"format": { "type": "string" }

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