ru: Translate tuples-and-arrays segment and more (#2081)

* Update translation file with the new (2024-05-04) `messages.pot`
version;
* Translate `src/types-and-values.md`;
* Translate `src/types-and-values/*.md`;
* Revise a number of fuzzy translations;
* Fix a markdown link in control-flow-basics;
* Preserve some source code in `msgstr` that shouldn't be translated;
* Translate few schedule and welcome pages items;
* Mention an alternative translation for destructuring: распаковка;
* Translate session timings, use case endings with numbers;

#326

Author: 1dimir