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Merge pull request #3509 from edent/patch-1
Improve alt text in building-community
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_articles/building-community.md

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@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ A welcoming community is an investment into your project's future and reputation
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One way to think about your project's community is through what @MikeMcQuaid calls the [contributor funnel](https://mikemcquaid.com/2018/08/14/the-open-source-contributor-funnel-why-people-dont-contribute-to-your-open-source-project/):
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![Contributor funnel](/assets/images/building-community/contributor_funnel_mikemcquaid.png)
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![Contributor funnel starts with users, then contributors, then maintainers.](/assets/images/building-community/contributor_funnel_mikemcquaid.png)
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As you build your community, consider how someone at the top of the funnel (a potential user) might theoretically make their way to the bottom (an active maintainer). Your goal is to reduce friction at each stage of the contributor experience. When people have easy wins, they will feel incentivized to do more.
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* **If there's a contribution you disagree with,** thank them for their idea and [explain why](../best-practices/#learning-to-say-no) it doesn't fit into the scope of the project, linking to relevant documentation if you have it.
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<aside markdown="1" class="pquote">
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<img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/mikeal?s=180" class="pquote-avatar" alt="avatar">
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<img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/mikeal?s=180" class="pquote-avatar" alt="">
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Contributing to open source is easier for some than others. There's a lot of fear of being yelled at for not doing something right or just not fitting in. (...) By giving contributors a place to contribute with very low technical proficiency (documentation, web content markdown, etc) you can greatly reduce those concerns.
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@mikeal, ["Growing a contributor base in modern open source"](https://opensource.com/life/16/5/growing-contributor-base-modern-open-source)
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### Document everything
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<aside markdown="1" class="pquote">
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<img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/janl?s=180" class="pquote-avatar" alt="avatar">
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<img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/janl?s=180" class="pquote-avatar" alt="">
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Have you ever been to a (tech-) event where you didn't know anyone, but everyone else seemed to stand in groups and chat like old friends? (...) Now imagine you want to contribute to an open source project, but you don't see why or how this is happening.
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@janl, ["Sustainable Open Source"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200723213552/https://writing.jan.io/2015/11/20/sustainable-open-source.html)
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Even if you can't review the request immediately, acknowledging it early helps increase engagement. Here's how @tdreyno responded to a pull request on [Middleman](https://github.com/middleman/middleman/pull/1466):
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![Middleman pull request](/assets/images/building-community/middleman_pr.png)
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![@tdreyno commented "Thanks for diving in @joallard. I'm traveling right now, but will try to review and comment soon." A day later they said "You're absolutely right, this extension is really crufty. I've merged in a lot of features, not knowing which are good or bad because I only use i18n in the simplest way, myself. We'd love any direction, code and ideas you have. I really like this iterative approach, slowly adding features rather than a complete do-over. I'm going to push out v4 beta 1 today, so let's save this for beta 2. And we need to track down that failing test." @joallard commented "Awesome. I'll go forward then!"](/assets/images/building-community/middleman_pr.png)
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[A Mozilla study found that](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1hsJLv1ieSqtXBzd5YZusY-mB8e1VJzaeOmh8Q4VeMio/edit#slide=id.g43d857af8_0177) contributors who received code reviews within 48 hours had a much higher rate of return and repeat contribution.
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Do your best to adopt a zero-tolerance policy towards these types of people. If left unchecked, negative people will make other people in your community uncomfortable. They may even leave.
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The truth is that having a supportive community is key. I'd never be able to do this work without the help of my colleagues, friendly internet strangers, and chatty IRC channels. (...) Don't settle for less. Don't settle for assholes.
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@okdistribute, ["How to Run a FOSS Project"](https://okdistribute.xyz/post/okf-de)
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### Share ownership of your project
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Your leaders will have different opinions, as all healthy communities should! However, you need to take steps to ensure the loudest voice doesn't always win by tiring people out, and that less prominent and minority voices are heard.
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@sagesharp, ["What makes a good community?"](https://sage.thesharps.us/2015/10/06/what-makes-a-good-community/)
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* **Resist fixing easy (non-critical) bugs.** Instead, use them as opportunities to recruit new contributors, or mentor someone who'd like to contribute. It may seem unnatural at first, but your investment will pay off over time. For example, @michaeljoseph asked a contributor to submit a pull request on a [Cookiecutter](https://github.com/audreyr/cookiecutter) issue below, rather than fix it himself.
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![Cookiecutter issue](/assets/images/building-community/cookiecutter_submit_pr.png)
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![@michaeljoseph saying "Thanks for the issue. Do you think you could submit a quick PR for this?"](/assets/images/building-community/cookiecutter_submit_pr.png)
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* **Start a CONTRIBUTORS or AUTHORS file in your project** that lists everyone who's contributed to your project, like [Sinatra](https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/blob/HEAD/AUTHORS.md) does.
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While you may not always find someone to answer the call, putting a signal out there increases the chances that other people will pitch in. And the earlier you start, the sooner people can help.
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\[It's in your\] best interest to recruit contributors who enjoy and who are capable of doing the things that you are not. Do you enjoy coding, but not answering issues? Then identify those individuals in your community who do and let them have it.
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@gr2m, ["Welcoming Communities"](http://hood.ie/blog/welcoming-communities.html)
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Your job as a maintainer is to keep these situations from escalating. Even if you have a strong opinion on the topic, try to take the position of a moderator or facilitator, rather than jumping into the fight and pushing your views. If someone is being unkind or monopolizing the conversation, [act immediately](../building-community/#dont-tolerate-bad-actors) to keep discussions civil and productive.
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As a project maintainer, it's extremely important to be respectful to your contributors. They often take what you say very personally.
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@kennethreitz, ["Be Cordial or Be on Your Way"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200509154531/https://kenreitz.org/essays/be-cordial-or-be-on-your-way)
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Under a consensus seeking process, community members discuss major concerns until they feel they have been adequately heard. When only minor concerns remain, the community moves forward. "Consensus seeking" acknowledges that a community may not be able to reach a perfect answer. Instead, it prioritizes listening and discussion.
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Part of the reason why a voting system doesn't exist for Atom Issues is because the Atom team isn't going to follow a voting system in all cases. Sometimes we have to choose what we feel is right even if it is unpopular. (...) What I can offer and pledge to do...is that it is my job to listen to the community.
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@lee-dohm on Atom's decision making process
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If a conversation clearly isn't going anywhere, there are no clear actions to be taken, or the appropriate action has already been taken, close the issue and explain why you closed it.
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Guiding a thread toward usefulness without being pushy is an art. It won't work to simply admonish people to stop wasting their time, or to ask them not to post unless they have something constructive to say. (...) Instead, you have to suggest conditions for further progress: give people a route, a path to follow that leads to the results you want, yet without sounding like you're dictating conduct.
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@kfogel, [_Producing OSS_](https://producingoss.com/en/producingoss.html#common-pitfalls)

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