reftable: explicitly handle hash format IDs

The hash format IDs are used for two different things across the
reftable codebase:

  - They are used as a 32 bit unsigned integer when reading and writing
    the header in order to identify the hash function.

  - They are used internally to identify which hash function is in use.

When one only considers the second usecase one might think that one can
easily change the representation of those hash IDs. But because those
IDs end up in the reftable header and footer on disk it is important
that those never change.

Create separate constants `REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_*` and use them in
contexts where we read or write reftable headers. This serves multiple
purposes:

  - It allows us to more easily discern cases where we actually use
    those constants for the on-disk format.

  - It detangles us from the same constants that are defined in
    libgit.a, which is another required step to convert the reftable
    library to become standalone.

  - It makes the next step easier where we stop using `GIT_*_FORMAT_ID`
    constants in favor of a custom enum.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Author: pks-t

reftable/basics.h

@@ -150,4 +150,12 @@ int common_prefix_size(struct reftable_buf *a, struct reftable_buf *b);
 
 int hash_size(uint32_t id);
 
+/*
+ * Format IDs that identify the hash function used by a reftable. Note that
+ * these constants end up on disk and thus mustn't change. The format IDs are
+ * "sha1" and "s256" in big endian, respectively.
+ */
+#define REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA1   ((uint32_t) 0x73686131)
+#define REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA256 ((uint32_t) 0x73323536)
+
 #endif

reftable/reader.c

@@ -109,16 +109,18 @@ static int parse_footer(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *footer,
 	if (r->version == 1) {
 		r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
 	} else {
-		r->hash_id = get_be32(f);
-		switch (r->hash_id) {
-		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+		switch (get_be32(f)) {
+		case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA1:
+			r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
 			break;
-		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+		case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA256:
+			r->hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID;
 			break;
 		default:
 			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
 			goto done;
 		}
+
 		f += 4;
 	}
 

reftable/writer.c

@@ -103,8 +103,22 @@ static int writer_write_header(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *dest)
 	put_be64(dest + 8, w->min_update_index);
 	put_be64(dest + 16, w->max_update_index);
 	if (writer_version(w) == 2) {
-		put_be32(dest + 24, w->opts.hash_id);
+		uint32_t hash_id;
+
+		switch (w->opts.hash_id) {
+		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+			hash_id = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA1;
+			break;
+		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+			hash_id = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA256;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		put_be32(dest + 24, hash_id);
 	}
+
 	return header_size(writer_version(w));
 }