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1 | 1 |
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2 | 2 | changequote([[[, ]]]) |
3 | 3 |
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4 | | -\pdfbookmark[1]{UNIX history}{unixhist} |
| 4 | +\pdfbookmark[1]{UNIX history}{UNIX history} |
5 | 5 |
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6 | 6 | \begin{slide} |
7 | 7 | \sltitle{Books on UNIX history} |
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51 | 51 | Honeywell including the Multics project, that was further developed under its |
52 | 52 | patronage (virtual memory, multiprocessors, \dots) till 1985. |
53 | 53 | The last Multics installation worked in the Canadian Department of National |
54 | | -Defense and the system was used actively for example during the Persion gulf |
| 54 | +Defense and the system was used actively for example during the Persian gulf |
55 | 55 | war. Definitive shutdown was made 31st October 2000. More information can be |
56 | 56 | found on \url{http://www.multicians.org}. |
57 | 57 | \item Before the work on the development environment for PDP-7 started, Thmopson |
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168 | 168 | \item UNIX V3 = \emph{UNIX version 3}, UNIX V.4 = \emph{system 5 release 4} |
169 | 169 | etc., e.g. UNIX V3 != SVR3. |
170 | 170 | \item UNIX System III is therefore not UNIX V3; in those days (late 70's) there |
171 | | -were multiple groups in BTL that contributed to the UNIX development. Vx |
172 | | -versions were developed in \emph{Computer Research Group}, other groups were |
173 | | -\emph{Unix System Group} (USG), \emph{Programmer's WorkBench} (PWB). |
| 171 | +were multiple groups in BTL that contributed to the UNIX development. |
| 172 | +The ``Vx'' versions were developed in \emph{Computer Research Group}, other |
| 173 | +groups were \emph{Unix System Group} (USG), \emph{Programmer's WorkBench} (PWB). |
174 | 174 | Another branch of UNIX was Columbus UNIX also in BT. The System III version is |
175 | 175 | based on these early versions. |
176 | 176 | \item UNIX has forked into two main branches: AT\&T and BSD, individual |
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195 | 195 | in 1981 as a result. |
196 | 196 | \item 4.1BSD should have been originally 5BSD, however after AT\&T raised |
197 | 197 | concerns that its customer could confuse 5BSD with System~V, BSD transitioned to |
198 | | -the 4.xBSD versioning scheme. It was common that rather write its own code, the |
| 198 | +the 4.x BSD versioning scheme. It was common that rather write its own code, the |
199 | 199 | Berkeley developers looked around first for what is already done. In this way |
200 | 200 | BSD took virtual memory from Mach or NFS-compatible code developed on one |
201 | 201 | Canadian university. |
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206 | 206 | %licensing policy. The Berkeley licensing policy was very liberal compared to |
207 | 207 | %the one of AT\&T. |
208 | 208 | \item The hardware manufacturers were shipping UNIX variants for their own |
209 | | -computers and commercionalization made the situation worse w.r.t. |
| 209 | +computers and commercialization made the situation worse w.r.t. |
210 | 210 | diversification of this system. |
211 | 211 | \item In the 80's the first effort for standardization came into existence. |
212 | 212 | Standard specifies how the system should behave externally (for user, programmer |
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215 | 215 | however upon closer look there were different in many important properties. |
216 | 216 | For example System~V and BSD differed in filesystem, network architecture and |
217 | 217 | virtual memory architecture. |
218 | | -\item When in 1987 the AT\&T and Sun microsystems companies (whose then SunOS |
| 218 | +\item When in 1987 the AT\&T and Sun Microsystems companies (whose then SunOS |
219 | 219 | was based on BSD) joined their effort to develop single system that would |
220 | 220 | contain the best of each, next to enthusiastic responses it also prompted fear |
221 | 221 | between many other unix system manufacturers that were afraid that it would mean |
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224 | 224 | between others Hewlett-Packard, IBM a Digital. This system OSF/1 that arose from |
225 | 225 | this partnership was not very successful and it was shipped only by Digital that |
226 | 226 | renamed it to Digital UNIX. It is interesting to note that the system was based |
227 | | -on the Mach microkernel. After the aquisition of Digital by Compaq it was |
| 227 | +on the Mach microkernel. After the acquisition of Digital by Compaq it was |
228 | 228 | renamed to Tru64 and supported by Hewlett-Packard, that was merged with |
229 | 229 | Compaq in 2002. In the mean time AT\&T and Sun responded by founding UNIX |
230 | 230 | International. This period of 80's and 90's is called \emsl{Unix Wars} -- the |
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