Merge pull request #32 from Ayushi7456/Jumps_Ayushi

Updated Jump Statements Lesson in Java

Author: Utkarsh1504

lessons/jumps.md

@@ -6,23 +6,158 @@ section: "Learn Java"
 description: "Learn Java"
 ---
 
-Jumps statements are used to jump to a specific line in a program. There are two type of jumps:
+Jumps statements are used to jump to a specific line in a program. 
 
-- Unconditional jumps
-- Conditional jumps
+Java supports three jump statements.
+ - `break`
+ - `continue` 
+ - `return`
+ 
+ These three statements transfer control to other part of the program.
+ 
+Let's see one by one how it works.
 
-### **Unconditional Jumps**
+## **Break statements**
+Break Statement is a loop control statement that is used to terminate the loop. As soon as the  `break` statement is encountered from within a loop, the loop iterations stop there, and control returns from the loop immediately to the first statement after the loop.
 
-Unconditional jumps are used to jump to a specific line in a program.
-It has a single parameter, the line number to jump to. there are two types of unconditional jumps:
+Example.
+```java
+public  class  HelloWorld {
+     public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
+        // Initially loop is set to run from 1-5
+        for(int i=1; i<=5; i++){
+             // terminate loop when i is 4.
+             if(i=4){
+             break;
+             System.out.print(i);
+             }
+         }
+     }
+}
 
-- `goto`
-- `continue`
+```
+Output:    `1 2 3`
 
-### **Conditional Jumps**
+In Java, `break` is majorly used for:
+- To exit a loop.
+- Terminate a sequence in a `switch` statement.
 
-Conditional jumps are used to jump to a specific line in a program.
-It has two parameters, the line number to jump to and a condition. there are two types of conditional jumps:
+## **Continue Statements**
+Sometimes you doesn't want to execute a particular iteration in a loop. That is, you might want to continue running the loop but stop processing the  particular iteration. Then `continue` statement performs such an action.
 
-- `if`
-- `while`
+Example.
+```java
+public  class  HelloWorld {
+     public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
+        // Initially loop is set to run from 1-5
+        for(int i=1; i<=6; i++){
+            // terminate loop when i is 4.
+            if(i=4){
+            continue;
+            System.out.print(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+```
+Output:   `1 2 3 5 6`
+
+## **Break vs Continue**
+Let's us see how these two jump statements are different from each other.
+
+
+| break             | continue                                                                |
+| ----------------- | --------------- |
+|The break statement is used to terminate the loop immediately. | The continue statement is used to skip the current iteration of the loop.|
+| break keyword is used to indicate break statements in java programming. | continue keyword is used to indicate continue statement in java programming.|
+| We can use a break with the switch statement. | The continue statement brings the next iteration early. |
+| It stops the execution of the loop. | It does not stop the execution of the loop.|
+
+
+
+## **Return Statement**
+The `return` statement is used to explicitly return from a method. That is, it causes a program control to transfer back to the caller of the method.
+It is used to **exit** from a method, with or without a value. Usage of **return keyword** as there exist two ways as listed below as follows:
+
+-   **Case 1:**  Methods returning a value
+-   **Case 2:**  Methods not returning a value
+
+
+##  **Methods returning a value**
+```java
+// Main method
+class  CodeExample {
+    // Method 1
+	public static int sumFunction(int a, int b) {
+		int sum = a + b;
+	    // Since return type of sunFunction method is integer so this method should return integer value	
+		return sum;
+	}
+	
+	// Main driver method
+	public static void main(String[] args){
+	    int a = 5;
+	    int b = 8;
+	    // here ans variable will receive sum from sumFunction
+		int ans = sumFunction(a, b);
+		// print statement
+		System.out.println(ans);
+	}
+}
+
+```
+Output:  `13`
+
+**Output explanation:**  When  we are calling a class CodeExample method that has **return sum** which returns the value of sum and that’s value gets displayed on the console.
+
+##  **Methods not returning a value**
+For methods that do not return a value, `return` statement in Java can be skipped. Here there arise two cases when there is no value been returned by the user as listed below as follows:
+-  Method not using return statement in void function
+- Methods with return type void
+
+#### Method not using return statement in void function
+```java
+// Main method
+class  CodeExample {
+    // Method 1
+	public static void sumFunction(int a, int b) {
+		int sum = a + b;
+	    // Since return type of sunFunction method is void so this method should not return any value.	
+		System.out.println(sum);
+	}
+	
+	// Main driver method
+	public static void main(String[] args){
+	    int a = 5;
+	    int b = 8;
+	    // Here, we will just call the function and the program will execute successfully.
+	    sumFunction(a, b);
+	}
+}
+```
+Output:  `13`
+
+#### Method with return type void
+```java
+// Main method
+class CodeExample {
+    // Method 1
+	public static void demoFunction(int n) {
+		if(n<10) {
+		    // return statement below(only using return statement and not returning anything)
+            	    // control exits the method if this condition(i.e, n<9) is true.
+		    return;
+	        } else {
+		   n++;
+		}
+	}
+	// Main driver method
+	public static void main(String[] args){
+	     int n = 8;
+	     // calling the function
+	     sumFunction(n);
+	}
+}
+```
+Program executed successfully.