[OpenBLAS_jll] Include patches to fix CASUM in 1.10 (#59346)

This updates 1.10 to contain two new OpenBLAS patches that come from
upstream (they are included in newer OpenBLAS versions already).
Specifically the patches do:
* Use AVX512 kernels on modern processors
* Fix incorrect CASUM computation in fallback kernel

This fixes the reported linear algebra issue:
JuliaLang/LinearAlgebra.jl#1406.

I believe I updated all the checksums/files to make this work,
specifically I did

* Updated version number in `stdlib/OpenBLAS_jll/Project.toml`
* Updated version number and sha in `deps/openblas.version`
* Refresh checksums by running` make -f contrib/refresh_checksums.mk -j
openblas`

cc @giordano, @ViralBShah

Author: imciner2