pipeline optimizations

Author: kefu-reddit

rediscluster/client.py

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class RedisCluster(Redis):
 
     # Not complete, but covers the major ones
     # https://redis.io/commands
-    READ_COMMANDS = [
+    READ_COMMANDS = set([
         "BITCOUNT",
         "BITPOS",
         "EXISTS",
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class RedisCluster(Redis):
         "ZCOUNT",
         "ZRANGE",
         "ZSCORE"
-    ]
+    ])
 
     RESULT_CALLBACKS = dict_merge(
         string_keys_to_dict([
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ def pubsub(self, **kwargs):
         """
         return ClusterPubSub(self.connection_pool, **kwargs)
 
-    def pipeline(self, transaction=None, shard_hint=None):
+    def pipeline(self, transaction=None, shard_hint=None, read_from_replicas=False):
         """
         Cluster impl:
             Pipelines do not work in cluster mode the same way they do in normal mode.
@@ -461,6 +461,7 @@ def pipeline(self, transaction=None, shard_hint=None):
             result_callbacks=self.result_callbacks,
             response_callbacks=self.response_callbacks,
             cluster_down_retry_attempts=self.cluster_down_retry_attempts,
+            read_from_replicas=read_from_replicas,
         )
 
     def transaction(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -578,7 +579,6 @@ def _execute_command(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
         redirect_addr = None
         asking = False
-        is_read_replica = False
 
         try_random_node = False
         slot = self._determine_slot(*args)
@@ -605,7 +605,6 @@ def _execute_command(self, *args, **kwargs):
                             slot,
                             self.read_from_replicas and (command in self.READ_COMMANDS)
                         )
-                        is_read_replica = node['server_type'] == 'slave'
 
                     connection = self.connection_pool.get_connection_by_node(node)
 
@@ -615,12 +614,6 @@ def _execute_command(self, *args, **kwargs):
                     connection.send_command('ASKING')
                     self.parse_response(connection, "ASKING", **kwargs)
                     asking = False
-                if is_read_replica:
-                    # Ask read replica to accept reads (see https://redis.io/commands/readonly)
-                    # TODO: do we need to handle errors from this response?
-                    connection.send_command('READONLY')
-                    self.parse_response(connection, 'READONLY', **kwargs)
-                    is_read_replica = False
 
                 connection.send_command(*args)
                 return self.parse_response(connection, command, **kwargs)
@@ -687,8 +680,8 @@ def _execute_command(self, *args, **kwargs):
                 self.refresh_table_asap = True
                 self.connection_pool.nodes.increment_reinitialize_counter()
 
-                node = self.connection_pool.nodes.set_node(e.host, e.port, server_type='master')
-                self.connection_pool.nodes.slots[e.slot_id][0] = node
+                node = self.connection_pool.nodes.get_node(e.host, e.port, server_type='master')
+                self.connection_pool.nodes.move_slot_to_node(e.slot_id, node)
             except TryAgainError as e:
                 log.exception("TryAgainError")
 

rediscluster/connection.py

@@ -343,6 +343,11 @@ def get_connection_by_node(self, node):
             connection = self._available_connections.get(node["name"], []).pop()
         except IndexError:
             connection = self.make_connection(node)
+            server_type = node.get("server_type", "master")
+            if server_type == "slave":
+                connection.send_command('READONLY')
+                if nativestr(connection.read_response()) != 'OK':
+                    raise ConnectionError('READONLY command failed')
 
         self._in_use_connections.setdefault(node["name"], set()).add(connection)
 

rediscluster/nodemanager.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ def __init__(self, startup_nodes=None, reinitialize_steps=None, skip_full_covera
         self.connection_kwargs = connection_kwargs
         self.nodes = {}
         self.slots = {}
+        self.slave_nodes_by_master = {}
         self.startup_nodes = [] if startup_nodes is None else startup_nodes
         self.orig_startup_nodes = [node for node in self.startup_nodes]
         self.reinitialize_counter = 0
@@ -257,6 +258,8 @@ def initialize(self):
                 node, node_name = self.make_node_obj(master_node[0], master_node[1], 'master')
                 nodes_cache[node_name] = node
 
+                self.slave_nodes_by_master[node_name] = set()
+
                 for i in range(int(slot[0]), int(slot[1]) + 1):
                     if i not in tmp_slots:
                         tmp_slots[i] = [node]
@@ -267,6 +270,7 @@ def initialize(self):
                             target_slave_node, slave_node_name = self.make_node_obj(slave_node[0], slave_node[1], 'slave')
                             nodes_cache[slave_node_name] = target_slave_node
                             tmp_slots[i].append(target_slave_node)
+                            self.slave_nodes_by_master[node_name].add(slave_node_name)
                     else:
                         # Validate that 2 nodes want to use the same slot cache setup
                         if tmp_slots[i][0]['name'] != node['name']:
@@ -409,6 +413,25 @@ def set_node(self, host, port, server_type=None):
 
         return node
 
+    def get_node(self, host, port, server_type=None):
+        node, node_name = self.make_node_obj(host, port, server_type)
+        if node_name not in self.nodes:
+            self.nodes[node_name] = node
+        return self.nodes[node_name]
+
+    def move_slot_to_node(self, slot, node):
+        """
+        When moved response received, we should move all replicas with the master to the new slot.
+        """
+        node_name = node['name']
+        self.slots[slot] = [node]
+        slave_nodes = self.slave_nodes_by_master.get(node_name)
+        if slave_nodes:
+            for slave_name in slave_nodes:
+                slave_node = self.nodes.get(slave_name)
+                if slave_node:
+                    self.slots[slot].append(slave_node)
+
     def populate_startup_nodes(self):
         """
         Do something with all startup nodes and filters out any duplicates

rediscluster/pipeline.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 # python std lib
 import sys
+import logging
 
 # rediscluster imports
 from .client import RedisCluster
@@ -15,6 +16,10 @@
 from redis.exceptions import ConnectionError, RedisError, TimeoutError
 from redis._compat import imap, unicode
 
+from gevent import monkey; monkey.patch_all()
+import gevent
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 ERRORS_ALLOW_RETRY = (ConnectionError, TimeoutError, MovedError, AskError, TryAgainError)
 
@@ -174,71 +179,127 @@ def send_cluster_commands(self, stack, raise_on_error=True, allow_redirections=T
         # If it fails the configured number of times then raise exception back to caller of this method
         raise ClusterDownError("CLUSTERDOWN error. Unable to rebuild the cluster")
 
-    def _send_cluster_commands(self, stack, raise_on_error=True, allow_redirections=True):
-        """
-        Send a bunch of cluster commands to the redis cluster.
+    def _execute_node_commands(self, n):
+        n.write()
 
-        `allow_redirections` If the pipeline should follow `ASK` & `MOVED` responses
-        automatically. If set to false it will raise RedisClusterException.
-        """
-        # the first time sending the commands we send all of the commands that were queued up.
-        # if we have to run through it again, we only retry the commands that failed.
-        attempt = sorted(stack, key=lambda x: x.position)
+        n.read()
 
-        # build a list of node objects based on node names we need to
+    def _get_commands_by_node(self, cmds):
         nodes = {}
+        proxy_node_by_master = {}
+        connection_by_node = {}
 
-        # as we move through each command that still needs to be processed,
-        # we figure out the slot number that command maps to, then from the slot determine the node.
-        for c in attempt:
+        for c in cmds:
             # refer to our internal node -> slot table that tells us where a given
             # command should route to.
             slot = self._determine_slot(*c.args)
-            node = self.connection_pool.get_node_by_slot(slot)
 
-            # little hack to make sure the node name is populated. probably could clean this up.
-            self.connection_pool.nodes.set_node_name(node)
+            master_node = self.connection_pool.get_node_by_slot(slot)
+
+            # for the same master_node, it should always get the same proxy_node to group
+            # as many commands as possible per node
+            if master_node['name'] in proxy_node_by_master:
+                node = proxy_node_by_master[master_node['name']]
+            else:
+                # TODO: should determine if using replicas by if command is read only
+                node = self.connection_pool.get_node_by_slot(slot, self.read_from_replicas)
+                proxy_node_by_master[master_node['name']] = node
+
+                # little hack to make sure the node name is populated. probably could clean this up.
+                self.connection_pool.nodes.set_node_name(node)
 
-            # now that we know the name of the node ( it's just a string in the form of host:port )
-            # we can build a list of commands for each node.
             node_name = node['name']
             if node_name not in nodes:
-                nodes[node_name] = NodeCommands(self.parse_response, self.connection_pool.get_connection_by_node(node))
+                if node_name in connection_by_node:
+                    connection = connection_by_node[node_name]
+                else:
+                    connection = self.connection_pool.get_connection_by_node(node)
+                    connection_by_node[node_name] = connection
+                nodes[node_name] = NodeCommands(self.parse_response, connection)
 
             nodes[node_name].append(c)
 
-        # send the commands in sequence.
-        # we  write to all the open sockets for each node first, before reading anything
-        # this allows us to flush all the requests out across the network essentially in parallel
-        # so that we can read them all in parallel as they come back.
-        # we dont' multiplex on the sockets as they come available, but that shouldn't make too much difference.
-        node_commands = nodes.values()
-        for n in node_commands:
-            n.write()
-
-        for n in node_commands:
-            n.read()
-
-        # release all of the redis connections we allocated earlier back into the connection pool.
-        # we used to do this step as part of a try/finally block, but it is really dangerous to
-        # release connections back into the pool if for some reason the socket has data still left in it
-        # from a previous operation. The write and read operations already have try/catch around them for
-        # all known types of errors including connection and socket level errors.
-        # So if we hit an exception, something really bad happened and putting any of
-        # these connections back into the pool is a very bad idea.
-        # the socket might have unread buffer still sitting in it, and then the
-        # next time we read from it we pass the buffered result back from a previous
-        # command and every single request after to that connection will always get
-        # a mismatched result. (not just theoretical, I saw this happen on production x.x).
-        for n in nodes.values():
-            self.connection_pool.release(n.connection)
+        return nodes, connection_by_node
+
+    def _execute_single_command(self, cmd):
+        try:
+            # send each command individually like we do in the main client.
+            cmd.result = super(ClusterPipeline, self).execute_command(*cmd.args, **cmd.options)
+        except RedisError as e:
+            cmd.result = e
+
+    def _send_cluster_commands(self, stack, raise_on_error=True, allow_redirections=True):
+        """
+        Send a bunch of cluster commands to the redis cluster.
+
+        `allow_redirections` If the pipeline should follow `ASK` & `MOVED` responses
+        automatically. If set to false it will raise RedisClusterException.
+        """
+        # the first time sending the commands we send all of the commands that were queued up.
+        # if we have to run through it again, we only retry the commands that failed.
+        cmds = sorted(stack, key=lambda x: x.position)
+
+        max_redirects = 5
+        cur_attempt = 0
+
+        while cur_attempt < max_redirects:
+
+            # build a list of node objects based on node names we need to
+            nodes, connection_by_node = self._get_commands_by_node(cmds)
+
+            # send the commands in sequence.
+            # we  write to all the open sockets for each node first, before reading anything
+            # this allows us to flush all the requests out across the network essentially in parallel
+            # so that we can read them all in parallel as they come back.
+            # we dont' multiplex on the sockets as they come available, but that shouldn't make too much difference.
+
+            # duke-cliff: I think it would still be faster if we use gevent to make the command in parallel
+            # the io is non-blocking, but serialization/deserialization will still be blocking previously
+            node_commands = nodes.values()
+            events = []
+            for n in node_commands:
+                events.append(gevent.spawn(self._execute_node_commands, n))
+
+            gevent.joinall(events)
+
+            # release all of the redis connections we allocated earlier back into the connection pool.
+            # we used to do this step as part of a try/finally block, but it is really dangerous to
+            # release connections back into the pool if for some reason the socket has data still left in it
+            # from a previous operation. The write and read operations already have try/catch around them for
+            # all known types of errors including connection and socket level errors.
+            # So if we hit an exception, something really bad happened and putting any of
+            # these connections back into the pool is a very bad idea.
+            # the socket might have unread buffer still sitting in it, and then the
+            # next time we read from it we pass the buffered result back from a previous
+            # command and every single request after to that connection will always get
+            # a mismatched result. (not just theoretical, I saw this happen on production x.x).
+            for conn in connection_by_node.values():
+                self.connection_pool.release(conn)
+
+            # will regroup moved commands and retry using pipeline(stacked commands)
+            # this would increase the pipeline performance a lot
+            moved_cmds = []
+            for c in cmds:
+                if isinstance(c.result, MovedError):
+                    e = c.result
+                    node = self.connection_pool.nodes.get_node(e.host, e.port, server_type='master')
+                    self.connection_pool.nodes.move_slot_to_node(e.slot_id, node)
+
+                    moved_cmds.append(c)
+
+            if moved_cmds:
+                cur_attempt += 1
+                cmds = sorted(moved_cmds, key=lambda x: x.position)
+                continue
+
+            break
 
         # if the response isn't an exception it is a valid response from the node
         # we're all done with that command, YAY!
         # if we have more commands to attempt, we've run into problems.
         # collect all the commands we are allowed to retry.
         # (MOVED, ASK, or connection errors or timeout errors)
-        attempt = sorted([c for c in attempt if isinstance(c.result, ERRORS_ALLOW_RETRY)], key=lambda x: x.position)
+        attempt = sorted([c for c in stack if isinstance(c.result, ERRORS_ALLOW_RETRY)], key=lambda x: x.position)
         if attempt and allow_redirections:
             # RETRY MAGIC HAPPENS HERE!
             # send these remaing comamnds one at a time using `execute_command`
@@ -255,13 +316,19 @@ def _send_cluster_commands(self, stack, raise_on_error=True, allow_redirections=
             # If a lot of commands have failed, we'll be setting the
             # flag to rebuild the slots table from scratch. So MOVED errors should
             # correct themselves fairly quickly.
+
+            # with the previous redirect retries, I could barely see the slow mode happening again
+            log.info("pipeline in slow mode to execute failed commands: {}".format([c.result for c in attempt]))
+
             self.connection_pool.nodes.increment_reinitialize_counter(len(attempt))
+
+            # even in the slow mode, we could use gevent to make things faster
+            events = []
             for c in attempt:
-                try:
-                    # send each command individually like we do in the main client.
-                    c.result = super(ClusterPipeline, self).execute_command(*c.args, **c.options)
-                except RedisError as e:
-                    c.result = e
+                events.append(gevent.spawn(self._execute_single_command, c))
+
+            gevent.joinall(events)
+
 
         # turn the response back into a simple flat array that corresponds
         # to the sequence of commands issued in the stack in pipeline.execute()

requirements.txt

@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 redis>=3.0.0,<4.0.0
+gevent
+greenlet

setup.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 setup(
     name="redis-py-cluster",
-    version="2.1.0",
+    version="2.1.1",
     description="Library for communicating with Redis Clusters. Built on top of redis-py lib",
     long_description=readme + '\n\n' + history,
     long_description_content_type="text/markdown",
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@
     url='http://github.com/grokzen/redis-py-cluster',
     license='MIT',
     install_requires=[
-        'redis>=3.0.0,<4.0.0'
+        'redis>=3.0.0,<4.0.0',
+        'gevent',
+        'greenlet',
     ],
     python_requires=">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4",
     extras_require={