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‎README.md‎

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# OpenVPN for Docker
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[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/kylemanna/docker-openvpn.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/kylemanna/docker-openvpn)
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[![Docker Stars](https://img.shields.io/docker/stars/kylemanna/openvpn.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/kylemanna/openvpn/)
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[![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/kylemanna/openvpn.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/kylemanna/openvpn/)
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[![ImageLayers](https://images.microbadger.com/badges/image/kylemanna/openvpn.svg)](https://microbadger.com/#/images/kylemanna/openvpn)
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[![FOSSA Status](https://app.fossa.io/api/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fkylemanna%2Fdocker-openvpn.svg?type=shield)](https://app.fossa.io/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fkylemanna%2Fdocker-openvpn?ref=badge_shield)
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OpenVPN server in a Docker container complete with an EasyRSA PKI CA.
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Extensively tested on [Digital Ocean $5/mo node](http://bit.ly/1C7cKr3) and has
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a corresponding [Digital Ocean Community Tutorial](http://bit.ly/1AGUZkq).
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#### Upstream Links
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* Docker Registry @ [kylemanna/openvpn](https://hub.docker.com/r/kylemanna/openvpn/)
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* GitHub @ [kylemanna/docker-openvpn](https://github.com/kylemanna/docker-openvpn)
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- Docker Registry @ [ghoscht/openvpn](https://hub.docker.com/r/ghoscht/openvpn)
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- Original GitHub Repo @ [kylemanna/docker-openvpn](https://github.com/kylemanna/docker-openvpn)
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## Quick Start
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* Pick a name for the `$OVPN_DATA` data volume container. It's recommended to
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use the `ovpn-data-` prefix to operate seamlessly with the reference systemd
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service. Users are encourage to replace `example` with a descriptive name of
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their choosing.
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- Pick a name for the `$OVPN_DATA` data volume container. It's recommended to
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use the `ovpn-data-` prefix to operate seamlessly with the reference systemd
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service. Users are encourage to replace `example` with a descriptive name of
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their choosing.
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OVPN_DATA="ovpn-data-example"
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OVPN_DATA="ovpn-data-example"
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* Initialize the `$OVPN_DATA` container that will hold the configuration files
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and certificates. The container will prompt for a passphrase to protect the
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private key used by the newly generated certificate authority.
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- Initialize the `$OVPN_DATA` container that will hold the configuration files
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and certificates. The container will prompt for a passphrase to protect the
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private key used by the newly generated certificate authority.
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docker volume create --name $OVPN_DATA
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm kylemanna/openvpn ovpn_genconfig -u udp://VPN.SERVERNAME.COM
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm -it kylemanna/openvpn ovpn_initpki
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docker volume create --name $OVPN_DATA
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm ghoscht/openvpn ovpn_genconfig -u tcp://VPN.SERVERNAME.COM
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm -it ghoscht/openvpn ovpn_initpki
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* Start OpenVPN server process
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- Start OpenVPN server process
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn -d -p 1194:1194/udp --cap-add=NET_ADMIN kylemanna/openvpn
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn -d -p 1194:1194/tcp --cap-add=NET_ADMIN ghoscht/openvpn
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* Generate a client certificate without a passphrase
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Remember to add following environment variables:
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AUTHTOKEN = Ngrok auth token
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SENDERMAIL = Gmail address the ngrok url information is sent from
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SENDERPASSWORD = Gmail password for sendermail
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-> IT'S NECESSARY TO ALLOW LESS SECURE APP ACCESS IN YOUR GOOGLE ACCOUNT DASHBOARD UNDER SECURITY FOR IT TO WORK
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RECIPIENTMAIL = Email address you want to send notifications to
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm -it kylemanna/openvpn easyrsa build-client-full CLIENTNAME nopass
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- Generate a client certificate without a passphrase
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* Retrieve the client configuration with embedded certificates
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm -it ghoscht/openvpn easyrsa build-client-full CLIENTNAME nopass
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm kylemanna/openvpn ovpn_getclient CLIENTNAME > CLIENTNAME.ovpn
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- Retrieve the client configuration with embedded certificates
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn --rm ghoscht/openvpn ovpn_getclient CLIENTNAME > CLIENTNAME.ovpn
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## Next Steps
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## Debugging Tips
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* Create an environment variable with the name DEBUG and value of 1 to enable debug output (using "docker -e").
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- Create an environment variable with the name DEBUG and value of 1 to enable debug output (using "docker -e").
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn -p 1194:1194/udp --cap-add=NET_ADMIN -e DEBUG=1 kylemanna/openvpn
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docker run -v $OVPN_DATA:/etc/openvpn -p 1194:1194/tcp --cap-add=NET_ADMIN -e DEBUG=1 ghoscht/openvpn
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* Test using a client that has openvpn installed correctly
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- Test using a client that has openvpn installed correctly
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$ openvpn --config CLIENTNAME.ovpn
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$ openvpn --config CLIENTNAME.ovpn
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* Run through a barrage of debugging checks on the client if things don't just work
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- Run through a barrage of debugging checks on the client if things don't just work
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$ ping 8.8.8.8 # checks connectivity without touching name resolution
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$ dig google.com # won't use the search directives in resolv.conf
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$ nslookup google.com # will use search
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$ ping 8.8.8.8 # checks connectivity without touching name resolution
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$ dig google.com # won't use the search directives in resolv.conf
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$ nslookup google.com # will use search
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* Consider setting up a [systemd service](/docs/systemd.md) for automatic
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start-up at boot time and restart in the event the OpenVPN daemon or Docker
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crashes.
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- Consider setting up a [systemd service](/docs/systemd.md) for automatic
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start-up at boot time and restart in the event the OpenVPN daemon or Docker
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crashes.
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## How Does It Work?
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Initialize the volume container using the `kylemanna/openvpn` image with the
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Initialize the volume container using the `ghoscht/openvpn` image with the
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included scripts to automatically generate:
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- Diffie-Hellman parameters
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- a private key
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- a self-certificate matching the private key for the OpenVPN server
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- an EasyRSA CA key and certificate
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- a TLS auth key from HMAC security
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- Diffie-Hellman parameters
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- a private key
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- a self-certificate matching the private key for the OpenVPN server
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- an EasyRSA CA key and certificate
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- a TLS auth key from HMAC security
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The OpenVPN server is started with the default run cmd of `ovpn_run`
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container with the `-v` argument, and access the configuration.
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The volume also holds the PKI keys and certs so that it could be backed up.
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To generate a client certificate, `kylemanna/openvpn` uses EasyRSA via the
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To generate a client certificate, `ghoscht/openvpn` uses EasyRSA via the
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`easyrsa` command in the container's path. The `EASYRSA_*` environmental
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variables place the PKI CA under `/etc/openvpn/pki`.
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Conveniently, `kylemanna/openvpn` comes with a script called `ovpn_getclient`,
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Conveniently, `ghoscht/openvpn` comes with a script called `ovpn_getclient`,
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which dumps an inline OpenVPN client configuration file. This single file can
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then be given to a client for access to the VPN.
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The topology used is `net30`, because it works on the widest range of OS.
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`p2p`, for instance, does not work on Windows.
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The UDP server uses`192.168.255.0/24` for dynamic clients by default.
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The tcp server uses`192.168.255.0/24` for dynamic clients by default.
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The client profile specifies `redirect-gateway def1`, meaning that after
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establishing the VPN connection, all traffic will go through the VPN.
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resolvers like those of Google (8.8.4.4 and 8.8.8.8) or OpenDNS
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(208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220).
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## Security Discussion
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The Docker container runs its own EasyRSA PKI Certificate Authority. This was
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function of the OpenVPN server itself (sniff packets, create a new PKI CA, MITM
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packets, etc).
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* The certificate authority key is kept in the container by default for
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simplicity. It's highly recommended to secure the CA key with some
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passphrase to protect against a filesystem compromise. A more secure system
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would put the EasyRSA PKI CA on an offline system (can use the same Docker
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image and the script [`ovpn_copy_server_files`](/docs/paranoid.md) to accomplish this).
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* It would be impossible for an adversary to sign bad or forged certificates
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without first cracking the key's passphase should the adversary have root
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access to the filesystem.
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* The EasyRSA `build-client-full` command will generate and leave keys on the
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server, again possible to compromise and steal the keys. The keys generated
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need to be signed by the CA which the user hopefully configured with a passphrase
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as described above.
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* Assuming the rest of the Docker container's filesystem is secure, TLS + PKI
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security should prevent any malicious host from using the VPN.
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- The certificate authority key is kept in the container by default for
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simplicity. It's highly recommended to secure the CA key with some
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passphrase to protect against a filesystem compromise. A more secure system
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would put the EasyRSA PKI CA on an offline system (can use the same Docker
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image and the script [`ovpn_copy_server_files`](/docs/paranoid.md) to accomplish this).
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- It would be impossible for an adversary to sign bad or forged certificates
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without first cracking the key's passphase should the adversary have root
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access to the filesystem.
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- The EasyRSA `build-client-full` command will generate and leave keys on the
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server, again possible to compromise and steal the keys. The keys generated
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need to be signed by the CA which the user hopefully configured with a passphrase
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as described above.
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- Assuming the rest of the Docker container's filesystem is secure, TLS + PKI
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security should prevent any malicious host from using the VPN.
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## Benefits of Running Inside a Docker Container
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### It Doesn't Stomp All Over the Server's Filesystem
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Everything for the Docker container is contained in two images: the ephemeral
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run time image (kylemanna/openvpn) and the `$OVPN_DATA` data volume. To remove
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run time image (ghoscht/openvpn) and the `$OVPN_DATA` data volume. To remove
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it, remove the corresponding containers, `$OVPN_DATA` data volume and Docker
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image and it's completely removed. This also makes it easier to run multiple
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servers since each lives in the bubble of the container (of course multiple IPs
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take away is that it certainly makes it more difficult to break out of the
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container. People are actively working on Linux containers to make this more
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of a guarantee in the future.
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## Differences from jpetazzo/dockvpn
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* No longer uses serveconfig to distribute the configuration via https
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* Proper PKI support integrated into image
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* OpenVPN config files, PKI keys and certs are stored on a storage
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volume for re-use across containers
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* Addition of tls-auth for HMAC security
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## Originally Tested On
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* Docker hosts:
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* server a [Digital Ocean](https://www.digitalocean.com/?refcode=d19f7fe88c94) Droplet with 512 MB RAM running Ubuntu 14.04
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* Clients
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* Android App OpenVPN Connect 1.1.14 (built 56)
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* OpenVPN core 3.0 android armv7a thumb2 32-bit
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* OS X Mavericks with Tunnelblick 3.4beta26 (build 3828) using openvpn-2.3.4
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* ArchLinux OpenVPN pkg 2.3.4-1
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## License
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