Add .axis() term entry for matplotlib pyplot (Issue #7815) (#7876)

* Add .axis() function documentation with output images

* Refine examples and outputs in axis.md

Updated example outputs and descriptions for clarity.

* Update axis.md

---------

Co-authored-by: Mamta Wardhani <mamta.wardhani@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Daksha Deep <dakshadeep1234@gmail.com>

Author: 3 people

content/matplotlib/concepts/pyplot/terms/axis/axis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+---
+Title: '.axis()'
+Description: 'Gets or sets the properties of the plot axes, including axis limits, scaling, and visibility.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Computer Science'
+  - 'Data Science'
+  - 'Data Visualization'
+Tags:
+  - 'Data'
+  - 'Graphs'
+  - 'Libraries'
+  - 'Matplotlib'
+  - 'Plotting'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-python-3'
+  - 'paths/computer-science'
+---
+
+The **`.axis()`** function in Matplotlib's [`pyplot`](https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/matplotlib/pyplot) module gets or sets properties of the plot axes, including axis limits, aspect ratio, and visibility.
+
+## Syntax
+
+```pseudo
+matplotlib.pyplot.axis(arg=None, emit=True, **kwargs)
+```
+
+The function can be called in several ways:
+
+- `axis()`: Returns current axis limits as `(xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)`
+- `axis([xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax])`: Sets axis limits
+- `axis(option)`: Sets axis properties using predefined options
+- `axis(**kwargs)`: Sets axis properties using keyword arguments
+
+**Parameters:**
+
+- `arg` (optional): Defines how the axes are set or displayed. Accepts the following values:
+  - A list or tuple `[xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax]` to set axis limits.
+  - `'off'` to hide the axes.
+  - `'on'` to show the axes.
+  - `'equal'`, `'scaled'`, `'tight'`, `'auto'`, `'image'`, `'square'` — control axis scaling and aspect ratio.
+- `emit` (bool, default: True): If `True`, notifies observers of axis limit changes.
+- `kwargs` (optional): Additional axis properties such as `xmin`, `xmax`, `ymin`, and `ymax`.
+
+**Return value:**
+
+Returns a [tuple](https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/python/tuples) `(xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)` representing the current axis limits.
+
+## Example 1: Using `.axis()` to Control Axis Properties
+
+This example creates three subplots demonstrating different axis control modes. The first subplot uses `axis([2, 8, -0.5, 0.5])` to restrict the view to specific x and y ranges. The second subplot uses `axis('equal')` to ensure both axes use the same scale. The third subplot uses `axis('off')` to hide the axis lines, ticks, and labels:
+
+```py
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+# Generate sample data
+x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
+y = np.sin(x)
+
+# Create a basic plot
+plt.figure(figsize=(10, 4))
+
+# Subplot 1: Custom axis limits
+plt.subplot(1, 3, 1)
+plt.plot(x, y)
+plt.axis([2, 8, -0.5, 0.5])
+plt.title('Custom Limits')
+plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+
+# Subplot 2: Equal aspect ratio
+plt.subplot(1, 3, 2)
+plt.plot(x, y)
+plt.axis('equal')
+plt.title('Equal Scaling')
+plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+
+# Subplot 3: Axis turned off
+plt.subplot(1, 3, 3)
+plt.plot(x, y)
+plt.axis('off')
+plt.title('Hidden Axes')
+
+plt.tight_layout()
+plt.show()
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+![Output of matplotlib.pyplot.axis() method example 1](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Codecademy/docs/main/media/matplotlib-axis-example1.png)
+
+## Example 2: Getting and Setting Axis Limits
+
+This example demonstrates how to set custom axis limits and retrieve the current limits. The `axis()` function is called with a list of four values to set the x and y axis ranges, then called without arguments to return the current limits as a tuple.
+
+```py
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+# Create data
+x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100)
+y = np.sin(x)
+
+# Create plot
+plt.plot(x, y, linewidth=2)
+plt.title('Sine Wave with Custom Axes')
+
+# Set custom axis limits
+plt.axis([0, 2*np.pi, -1.5, 1.5])
+
+# Get and print current axis limits
+limits = plt.axis()
+print(f"Current axis limits: {limits}")
+
+plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+plt.show()
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+![Output of matplotlib.pyplot.axis() method example 2](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Codecademy/docs/main/media/matplotlib-axis-example2.png)