Explanation of 4-random.js file

Author: carlosyabreu

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/4-random.js

@@ -3,7 +3,47 @@ const maximum = 100;
 
 const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * (maximum - minimum + 1)) + minimum;
 
+console.log(num);
+
 // In this exercise, you will need to work out what num represents?
 // Try breaking down the expression and using documentation to explain what it means
 // It will help to think about the order in which expressions are evaluated
 // Try logging the value of num and running the program several times to build an idea of what the program is doing
+
+/**
+ * Step 1: Math.random()
+
+ * This generates a random decimal number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
+ * Example: 0.3728, 0.9134, etc.
+
+ * Step 2: (maximum - minimum + 1)
+
+ * This calculates the range of possible numbers you want.
+ * Here: 100 - 1 + 1 = 100
+ * So, we’re creating a range that includes both 1 and 100.
+
+ * Step 3: Math.random() * (maximum - minimum + 1)
+
+ * This scales the random decimal to the range.
+ * Example: If Math.random() returns 0.3728,
+ * 0.3728 * 100 = 37.28
+
+ * Step 4: Math.floor(...)
+
+ * Math.floor() rounds down to the nearest whole number.
+ * So 37.28 becomes 37.
+
+ * Step 5: + minimum
+
+ * Because the range started from 0, we add minimum (which is 1) to shift it to the correct range.
+
+ * Example: 37 + 1 = 38.
+
+ * So what does num represent?
+ * num is a random integer between 1 and 100 (inclusive).
+ * Every time you run the program, you’ll get a different number in that range.
+
+ * Running it several times — you’ll see numbers like 27, 99, 7, 100, etc.
+
+*/
+